Substituted hexahydrobenzo[e]indene and octahydrophenanthrene CNS agents and pharmaceutical compositions thereof

ABSTRACT

Tricyclic benzo fused compounds of the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable cationic and acid addition salts thereof, wherein n is zero, 1 or 2, and t is 1 or 2; M is CH or N, R 1  is H or certain acyl groups; Q is CO 2  R 4 , COR 5 , C(OR 7 )R 5  R 6 , CN, CONR 9  R 10 , CH 2  NR 9  R 10 , CH 2  NHCOR 11 , CH 2  NHSO 2  R 12 , 5-tetrazolyl or when n is 1, Q and OR 1  together form a lactone or certain reduced derivatives thereof; and Z is certain alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, aryloxyalkyl or aralkoxyalkyl groups, are valuable central nervous system active agents, methods for their use, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and certain intermediates therefor.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a division of application Ser. No. 358,569 filed Mar. 16, 1982,and now U.S. Pat. No. 4,476,131.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to certain novel tricyclic benzo fused compounds,more particularly to certain hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline,hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline, hexahydrobenzo[e]indene andoctahydrophenanthrene compounds of the formula ##STR2## andpharmaceutically acceptable cationic and acid addition salts thereof,useful as CNS agents, especially as analgesic and antiemetic agents foruse in mammals, including man; methods for their use, pharmaceuticalcompositions containing them and intermediates therefor.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Despite the current availability of a number of analgesic agents, thesearch for new and improved agents continues, thus pointing to the lackof an agent useful for the control of broad levels of pain andaccompanied by a minimum of side-effects. The most commonly used agent,aspirin, is of no practical value for the control of severe pain and isknown to exhibit various undesirable side-effects. Other, more potentanalgesics such as d-propoxyphene, codeine, and morphine, possessaddictive liability. The need for improved and potent analgesics is,therefore, evident.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,188,495 discloses analgesic1,9-dihydroxyoctahydrophenanthrenes,1-hydroxyoctahydrophenanthren-9-ones and derivatives thereof which areprepared from intermediates of the formula ##STR3## where M_(a) is CH₂,R_(a) and R_(b) are certain alkyl and aralkyl groups and R_(c) and Z_(a)have many of the values given herein for R₁ and Z, respectively.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,260,764 discloses compounds of the above formula whereinM_(a) is NR_(d) where R_(d) is a H or certain alkyl, aralkyl, carboxysubstituted alkyl or acyl groups, and R_(a), R_(b), R_(c) and Z_(a) areas defined above.

Copending U.S. patent application, Ser. No. 358,765 filed concurrentlyherewith, discloses various substituted dodecahydrotriphenylenes,decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[1]phenanthrenes,decahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-f]phenanthridines anddecahydropyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines having activity as CNS agents.

The nomenclature employed herein is based on Rigaudy and Klesney,I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry--1979 Edition, PermangonPress, New York, including the use of R and S to designate absolutestereochemistry and R* and S* to designate relative stereochemistry.Formulae showing dotted and heavy bonds are generally intended tospecify relative stereochemistry, unless otherwise specified in thetext.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has now been found that certain hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline,hexhydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]-quinoline, hexahydrobenz[e]indene andoctahydrophenanthrene compounds are useful in mammals as tranquilizers,anticonvulsants, diuretics, antidiarrheals, antitussives and as agentsfor treatment of glaucoma. They are particularly effective in mammals,including man, as analgesics and as agents for treatment and preventionof emesis and nausea, especially that induced by antineoplastic drugs.Said invention compounds, which are nonnarcotic and free of addictionliability, are of the formula ##STR4## and pharmaceutically acceptablecationic and acid addition salts thereof, wherein n is 0, 1 or 2 and tis 1 or 2, M is CH or N, R₁ is H, benzyl, benzoyl, (C₁ -C₅) -alkanoyl or--CO(CH₂)_(p) NR₂ R₃ where p is an integer from 1 to 4, each of R₂ andR₃ is H or (C₁ -C₄) alkyl or when taken together with the nitrogen atomto which they are attached, R₂ and R₃ are piperidino, pyrrolo,pyrrolidino, morpholino or alkylpiperazio having from one to four carbonatoms in the alkyl group;

Q is CO₂ R₄, COR₅, C(OR⁷)R₅ R₆, CN, CONR₉ R₁₀, CH₂ NR₉ R₁₀, CH₂ NHCOR₁₁,CH₂ NHSO₂ R₁₂ or 5-tetrazolyl, and when n is 1 and Q and OR₁ are takentogether, they form ##STR5## where R₈ is H, OH or (C₁ -C₄)alkoxy;

R₄ is H, (C₁ -C₄)alkyl or benzyl;

R₅ and R₆ are each H, (C₁ -C₄) alkyl, phenyl or benzyl;

R₇ is H or (C₂ -C₄) alkanoyl;

each of R₉ and R₁₀ where taken individually is H, (C₁ -C₆)alkyl, phenylor benzyl, R₉ and R₁₀ taken together with the nitrogen to which they areattached are piperidino, pyrrolidino, morpholino, or N-alkylpiperazinohaving from one to four carbon atoms in the alkyl group;

R₁₁ is (C₁ -C₅)alkyl, phenyl, tolyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, furyl,thienyl or pyridyl;

R₁₂ is (C₁ -C₆)alkyl, phenyl, tolyl or benzyl;

Z is (C₅ -C₁₃)alkyl, (C₅ -C₁₃)alkoxy, (C₅ -C₁₃)-alkoxyalkyl, (C₈-C₁₃)pyridylalkyl, (C₈ -C₁₃)pyridyloxyalkyl, (C₈ -C₁₃)pyridylalkoxy, (C₈-C₁₃)pyridylalkoxyalkyl, (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkyl, (C₉ -C₁₄)phenoxyalkyl,(C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxy or (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxyalkyl, wherein said phenylgroups are optionally substituted by chloro or fluoro; apharmaceutically acceptable addition salt thereof when M is N, R₁ is--CO(CH₂)_(p) NR₂ R₃, Q is CH₂ NR₉ R₁₀, or when Z contains a pyridylgroup; or a pharmaceutically acceptable cationic salt thereof when Q isCOOH.

Here and elsewhere in this application, the bracketed ranges of carbonatoms are intended to encompass the range of carbon atoms of the entiregroup which follows. For example (C₁ -C₅)alkanoyl encompasses HCO-- toC₄ H₉ CO--, while (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkyl encompasses (C₆ H₅)C₃ H₆ -- to(C₆ H₅)C₈ H₁₆ --.

Compounds of the present invention having particular utility asintermediates are of the formulae ##STR6## where t and M are as definedabove, the broken line is a bond or no bond, R₁₅ is H, (C₁ -C₄)alkyl orbenzyl; when M is N, R₁₆ and R₁₇ are each hydrogen or taken togetherthey form ═O (a carbonyl oxygen atom), and when M is CH, R₁₆ and R₁₇ areeach H;

Q₁ is CN or COOR₄ ; and

Z₁ is OH, benzyloxy, (C₁ -C₁₃)alkoxy, (C₅ -C₁₃)-alkyl, (C₅-C₁₃)alkoxyalkyl, (C₈ -C₁₃)pyridylalkyl, (C₈ -C₁₃)pyridylalkoxy, (C₈-C₁₃)pyridylalkoxyalkyl, (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkyl, (C₉ -C₁₄)phenoxyalkyl,(C₉ -C₁₄)-phenylalkoxy or (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxyalkyl.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) are those wherein:

R₁ is H or acetyl,

n is 1,

Q is COOR₄, especially those where R₄ is H, CH₃ or C₂ H₅ ; CH₂ OR₇,especially where R₇ is H or acetyl; CN, CH₂ NH₂, CONH₂, CH₂ NHCOR₁₁ orCH₂ NHSO₂ R₁₂ ;

Z is (C₅ -C₁₃)alkyl, especially C(CH₃)₂ (CH₂)₅ CH₃ ; (C₅ -C₁₃)alkoxy,especially OCH(CH₃)(CH₂)₄ CH₃ ; (C₅ -C₁₃)-alkoxyalkyl, (C₉-C₁₄)phenylalkyl, or (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxy, especially OCH(CH₃)(CH₂)₃ C₆H₅. A more especially preferred value of Z is 5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy and5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy, i.e. ##STR7## is most preferred.

Particularly preferred intermediates of formula (II) and (III) are thosewherein R₁₆ and R₁₇ are each hydrogen, R₁₅ is H, CH₃ or benzyl; and Z₁is OH, benzyloxy, methoxy or one of the particularly preferred values ofZ, above.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) wherein M is N are thosehaving the absolute or relative stereochemistry specified in the formula##STR8##

Particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) wherein M is CH arethose having the absolute or relative stereochemistry specified in theformula ##STR9##

The ring systems and numbering used herein for the compounds of thepresent invention are as follows: ##STR10##

Thus the compounds of formula (V) and (VI) are named as follows:

(V), t=1: 1,2,3,3aS,4,5R-hexahydro-5-[(CH₂)_(n) Q-substituent]-6-(OR₁-substituent)-8-(Z-substituent)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline;

(V), t=2: 2,3,4,4aS,5,6R-hexahydro-6-[(CH₂)_(n) Q-substituent]-7-(OR₁-substituent)-9-(Z-substituent)-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline;

(VI), t=1: 2,3,3aS,4,5,9bR-hexahydro-5-[(CH₂)₂ Q-substituent]-6-(OR₁-substituent)-8-(Z-substituent)-1H-benz[e]indene; and

(VI), t=2: 1,2,3,4,4aS,5,6,10bR-octahydro-6-[(CH₂)_(n)Q-substituent]-7-(OR₁ -substituent)-9-(Z-substituent)phenanthrene.

Likewise, the compounds of (II) are named as cyclic mono- or diketoneshaving the above ring systems and numbering, the compounds of formula(III) are named as lactones of the corresponding compounds of formula(I) where R₁ is H, n is 1 and Q is COOH or the corresponding unsaturatedcarboxylic acid.

Also included in this invention are pharmaceutically acceptable cationicand acid addition salts of the compounds of formula (I). Bypharmaceutically acceptable cationic salts of the compounds of theinvention is meant the salts of those compounds of formula (I) where Qis a carboxylic acid group, said salts are formed by neutralization ofthe carboxylic acid by bases of pharmaceutically acceptable metals,ammonia and amines. Examples of such metals are sodium, potassium,calcium and magnesium. Examples of such amines are ethanolamine andN-methylglucamine.

By the term pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts is meant theaddition salts formed between those compounds of formula (I) having oneor more basic nitrogen atoms in substituents M, R₁, Q or Z, and apharmaceutically acceptable acid. Examples of such acids are acetic,benzoic, hydrobromic, hydrochloric, citric, sulfosalicylic, tartaric,glycolic, malonic, maleic, fumaric, malic, 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic,pamoic, salicylic, phthalic, succinic, gluconic, mandelic, lactic,sulfuric, phosphoric, nitric and methanesulfonic acids. Of course, whenmore than one basic nitrogen atom is present in the free base of formula(I), mono-, di- or higher addition salts may be obtained by employingone, two or more equivalents of acid to form the desired acid additionsalt.

Compounds having the formulae (I), (III), (V) and (VI), above, containasymmetric centers at the carbon sharing the ring juncture with M, atthe carbon bearing --(CH₂)_(n) Q and M when it is CH. There may beadditional asymmetric centers in the substituents Q, R₁ and Z. Thepresent invention includes the racemates of formula (I), thediastereomeric mixtures, pure enantiomers and diastereomers thereof. Theutility of the racemic mixtures, the diastereomeric mixtures, as well asof the pure enantiomers and diastereomers is determined by thebiological evaluations described below.

As mentioned above, the compounds of the invention are particularlyuseful s analgesics, and as antiemetic and antinausea agents for use inmammals, including man. The invention further provides a method forproducing analgesia in mammals and a method for prevention and treatmentof nausea in a mammal subject to nausea, in each case by oral orparenteral administration of an effective amount of a compound offormula (I) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions for use as analgesics, aswell as those suitable for use in prevention and treatment of nausea,comprising an effective amount of compound of the invention and apharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Also included within the scope and purview of the present invention arethe valuable novel CNS agents of the formulae below. ##STR11## where t,M, R₁, R₉, R₁₀ and Z are as previously defined and Q₃ is

CONHCOR₄,

CONHSO₂ R₁₂ or ##STR12## and R₄ and R₁₂ are as previously defined.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Methods which can be employed to provide the valuable intermediates offormulae (IX), (IV) and (III) and their conversion to thetherapeutically active compounds of formula (I) where M is N or CH and nis 1, are outlined in Flow Chart A.

FLOW CHART A

For compounds of the invention where M is N or CH and n is 1 or 2:##STR13##

The enantiomeric or racemic starting materials of formula (VIII) whereint, M, R₁₅ and Z₁ are as previously defined and R₁₅ is preferably benzylor methyl are cyclized under dehydrating conditions to form thecorresponding tricyclic ketones of formula (IX). In a typical reactionof this type the compound (VIII) is treated with a mixture of aceticacid/acetic anhydride or trifluoroacetic acid/trifluoroacetic anhydridein molar excess, at a temperature of from about 0° to 100° C. until thecyclization is substantially complete, which usually requires from a fewminutes up to several hours. The volatiles are then evaporated underreduced pressure, the product isolated by standard extraction methodsand purified if desired by crystallization or by chromatographicmethods.

In the second step of this reaction sequence the ketone of formula (IX)is reacted under Reformatsky reaction conditions with an alpha-haloesteror alpha-halonitrile in the presence of zinc metal, but preferably witha lithio acetic acid ester or lithio acetonitrile reagent of the formulaLiCH₂ Q₁, where Q₁ is COOR₄ or CN and R₄ is alkyl having from one tofour carbon atoms. For an extensive review of the Reformatsky reaction,see, e.g. Rathke, Organic Reactions, 22, 423-460 (1975).

When the preferred lithio reagents, LiCH₂ Q₁, are employed to preparethe intermediates of formula (IV), they may be prepared by any ofseveral methods known in the art; see, for example, Fieser, "Reagentsfor Organic Chemistry", Wiley-Interscience, New York, Vol. 3, 1972.However, a preferred method, exemplified herein, employs a lithiumdialkylamide and an acetic acid ester or nitrile of formula CH₃ Q₁ inreaction inert solvent. A particularly preferred lithium dialkylamide islithium dicyclohexylamide. The latter compound is prepared, for example,from equimolar amounts of n-butyl lithium and dicyclohexylamine inreaction inert solvent. In a typical reaction the two reagents arecontacted under anhydrous conditions and in the presence of an inertatmosphere, e.g., nitrogen, at -80° to -70° C. in reaction inert solventand to the resulting slurry is added an equimolar amount of reagent offormula CH₃ Q₁ at the same temperature. The resulting lithio reagent,LiCH₂ Q₁ is then reacted immediately with the intermediate ketone (IX)in reaction inert solvent also at a temperature of from about -80° to-70° C. The reaction is ordinarily completed in from about one to tenhours, after which the reaction mixture is quenched by addition of anequivalent amount of weak acid, e.g., acetic acid, to decompose thelithium salt of the desired product. The product is then isolated bystandard methods and purified, if desired, as described above. Examplesof the reaction inert solvents which may be employed and preferred suchsolvents are those mentioned above for the reaction employing haloesteror halonitrile reagents.

The 5,5-(or 6,6-)hydroxy-CH₂ Q₁ -disubstituted compounds of formula(IV), obtained as described above, are then subjected to hydrogenolysisand removal of hydroxy protecting methyl or benzyl groups, R₁₅, toprovide compounds of formulae (X), (XI) or a mixture thereof. Thehydrogenolysis of compounds of formula (IV) where Q₁ is COOR₄ isordinarily carried out by means of hydrogen in the presence of a noblemetal catalyst. Examples of noble metals which may be employed arenickel, palladium, platinum and rhodium. The catalyst is ordinarilyemployed in catalytic amounts, e.g., from about 0.01 to 10weight-percent and preferably from about 0.1 to 2.5 weight-percent,based on the compound of formula (IV). It is often covenient to suspendthe catalyst on an inert support, a particularly preferred catalyst ispalladium suspended on an inert support such as carbon.

One convenient method of carrying out this transformation is to stir orshake a solution of the compound of formula (IV) under an atmosphere ofhydrogen in the presence of one of the above noble metal catalysts.Suitable solvents for this hydrogenolysis reaction are those whichsubstantially dissolve the starting compound of the formula (IV) butwhich do not themselves suffer hydrogenation or hydrogenolysis. Examplesof such solvents include the lower alkanols such as methanol, ethanoland isopropanol; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxanand 1,2-dimethoxyethane; low molecular weight esters such as ethylacetate and butyl acetate; tertiary amides such asN,N-dimethylformamide, N N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone;and mixtures thereof. Introduction of the hydrogen gas into the reactionmedium is usually accomplished by carrying out the reaction in a sealedvessel, containing the compound of formula (IV), the solvent, thecatalyst and the hydrogen. The pressure inside the reaction vessel canvary from about 1 to about 100 kg/cm². The preferred pressure range,when the atmosphere inside the reaction vessel is substantially purehydrogen, is from about 2 to about 5 kg/cm². The hydrogenolysis isgenerally run at a temperature of from about 0° to about 60° C., andpreferably from about 25° to about 50° C. Utilizing the preferredtemperature and pressure values, hydrogenolysis generally takes place ina few hours, e.g., from about 2 hours to about 24 hours.

The product is then isolated by standard methods known in the art, e.g.,filtration to remove the catalyst and evaporation of solvent orpartitioning between water and a water immiscible solvent andevaporation of the dried extract.

When the starting compound employed in the hydrogenolysis is of formula(IV) wherein R₁₅ is hydrogen or benzyl and Q₁ is COOR₄, the productobtained is ordinarily a mixture of the corresponding carboxylic acid orester of formula (XII) and the lactone of formula (III) formed byelimination of the elements of R₄ OH from (XII), (XI) or (X) where R₁₅=H. The mixture thus obtained may be used as is or may be separated bywell known methods, e.g., by crystallization and/or chromatography onsilica gel.

Of course, when the starting compound for the hydrogenolyis is offormula (IV) wherein R¹⁵ is alkyl, as defined above and Q₁ is COOR₄, theonly product obtained is the corresponding OR¹⁵ -substituted derivativeof formula (XI). Removal of the hydroxy protecting group R¹⁵, by methodsknown in the art for cleaving ethers e.g., by means of HBr/acetic acid,then affords the desired compound of (XII) or its mixture with lactone(III).

In a preferred method for conversion of compounds of formula (IV) whereQ₁ is CN to the corresponding compound of formula (XII), the compound(IV) is first dehydrated to form a 4-cyanomethylene derivative and thisis hydrogenated by means of magnesium in methanol to form thehydroxy-protected derivative (XI) from which the protecting group isthen removed. This sequence is outlined below for the case wherein Q₁ isCN and R¹⁵ is CH₂ C₆ H₅. ##STR14##

Reaction of compounds (IV) wherein Q₁ is COOR₄ with amines of formula R₉R₁₀ NH leads to the corresponding amide CNS agents of the formula##STR15##

The dehydration of the above nitrile of formula (IV) is carried out in areaction inert solvent, e.g., benzene, toluene or ethyl ether. To thesolution of the starting 4-hydroxy compound is added an absorbent forwater, e.g., molecular sieves, and a catalytic amount of methanesulfonicacid and the mixture stirred at room temperature, typically overnight.The dehydrated product is isolated by standard methods and reduced inmethanol in the presence of magnesium metal at -10° to 30° C., typicallythis reaction is complete in from about 4 to 48 hours. The benzylprotecting group is then removed by catalytic hydrogenation as describedabove.

The products of formulae (XII, Q₁ =CO₂ R₄) and (III), as well asmixtures thereof, are useful intermediates for production of thecorresponding hydroxy compounds of formula (XV) by means of knownreducing agents, e.g., hydrides such as lithium aluminum hydride orlithium borohydride, aluminum borohydride, borane, aluminum hydride andlithium triethylborohydride and by catalytic hydrogenation over noblemetal catalysts. Preferred reducing agents are the above hydrides andespecially preferred is lithium aluminum hydride for reasons of economyand efficiency. The reduction is carried out under anhydrous conditionsand in the presence of a suitable reaction inert solvent e.g., ethylether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and diethyleneglycoldimethylether. Typically, the compound of formula (XII, Q₁ =CO₂ R₄), thelactone (III) or mixture thereof dissolved in one of the above reactioninert solvents is added to a solution of an approximately equimolaramount of hydride, e.g., lithium aluminum hydride, in the same solventand the mixture maintained at a temperature of from about -50° to 50°C., and preferably from about 0° to 30° C. Under these conditions thereduction is substantially complete in from about 2 to 24 hours, afterwhich the excess reducing agent is quenched, e.g., by cautious additionof wet solvent or ethyl acetate and the product isolated by knowntechniques, e.g., washing the reaction mixture with water andevaporation of the dried organic phase. Purification, if desired, iscarried out, e.g., by recrystallization or column chromatography.

The lactones (III) wherein the broken line is no bond are also useful asintermediates for production of the corresponding lactols of formula(XXVI) by means of reagents and conditions known to selectively reducethe lactone carbonyl group to a carbinol without ring cleavage. Apreferred such reagent is diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBALH). In atypical reaction, the saturated lactone (III) is dissolved in a reactioninert solvent, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, preferablytoluene, the solution is cooled to a temperature of from about -90° to-50° C., preferably about -80° to -60° C., under anhydrous conditionsand in the presence of an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon. Anequimolar amount of DIBALH is then added slowly while maintaining themixture within the preferred temperature range. After the addition iscomplete, the reaction is allowed to proceed under these conditionsuntil substantially complete, which ordinarily requires from about oneto ten hours. The reaction mixture is then quenched, for example, byaddition of methanol, then allowed to warm to room temperature. Thedesired lactol (XXVI) is then isolated, e.g., by washing with water,drying and evaporation of solvent. ##STR16##

Reaction of the lactols of formula (XXVI) with alcohols of formula(R₈)'OH, where (R₈)' is alkyl having from one to four carbon atoms,under acidic conditions known to convert lactols (hemiacetals) toacetals provides the corresponding acetals. In a typical reaction, thelactol is dissolved in a large excess, e.g., a solvent amount of thealcohol of formula (R₈)'OH, dry hydrogen chloride or concentratedsulfuric acid added in from a catalytic amount up to an amount equimolarto the lactol and the mixture maintained at a temperature of from about0° C. up to the boiling point of the alcohol, preferably roomtemperature, until acetal formation is complete. The time required forcompletion is ordinarily about 4-48 hours. After which the acetal isisolated by known methods, e.g., by pouring into water, extracting withether, drying the extracts and evaporation of solvent. The product thusprovided is ordinarily a mixture of the alpha- and beta-anomeric acetalswhich can be separated, e.g., by chromatography on silica gel.

The lactols of formula (XXVI) are also useful intermediates forpreparation of amines of formula (I, n=1, Q=CH₂ NH₂) via an alkoxyaminointermediate, e.g., the methoxyamino compounds of formula (XXVII). Thelactol is first reacted with an alkoxyamine, preferably methoxyamine.Equimolar amounts of the reactants are contacted in the presence of asuitable solvent such as, for example, methanol, ethanol,tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, pyridine or mixtures thereof.Preferred solvents are ethanol, pyridine or their mixtures. The reactioncan be carried out satisfactorily at a temperature in the range of fromabout -20° to 50° C.; however, a temperature of from about -10° to 25°C. is preferred. Under preferred conditions the reaction is ordinarilycomplete in from about one to six hours. The product of formula (XXVII)is then isolated by standard means, e.g., by evaporation of solvent andpartitioning the residue between water and a water immiscible solvent,e.g., ethyl ether.

Catalytic hydrogenolysis of the alkoxyamino intermediate affords thecorresponding tricyclic compound of formula (I) where Q is CH₂ NH₂, n=1and R₁ is H. The hydrogenolysis is carried out in the presence ofhydrogen and a noble metal catalyst under conditions described above forhydrogenolysis of compounds of formula (IV). However, a particularlypreferred method employs a nickel/aluminum alloy in the presence ofaqueous alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. Thereaction of the aluminum with alkali produces the requisite hydrogen andcontinually provides fresh catalyst (nickel) for the reaction at thesame time. In a particularly preferred embodiment of this reactionapproximately equal weights of the methoxyamino compound (XXVII) andRaney alloy (1:1 by weight nickel/aluminum) are contacted in thepresence of dilute aqueous alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide and in thepresence of a suitable solvent, e.g., methanol or ethanol. The mixtureis heated at a temperature of from about 40° C. up to the refluxtemperature of the mixture. The reaction is substantially complete infrom about 1 to 10 hours, after which the product (I, Q=CH.sub. 2 NH₂,n=1, R₁ =H) is isolated by known methods and purified, e.g., by columnchromatography.

The compounds of formula (I, Q=CH₂ NH₂, n=1, R₁ =H) can also be preparedby reduction of the compounds of formula (XII, Q₁ =CN) employinghydrogen in the presence of a noble metal catalyst or by means ofhydride reducing agents such as e.g., borane, aluminum hydride, lithiumaluminum hydride or lithium triethylborohydride. A particularlypreferred method employs lithium aluminum hydride in the presence of areaction inert solvent, e.g., ethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran underconditions set forth above for reduction of the corresponding esters(XII, Q₁ =COOR₄) with the same reagent to form compounds of formula(XV).

The compounds of the invention wherein n is zero and the imidoderivatives of formula (XXIX) are obtained, for example, from theintermediate ketones of formula (IX) as outlined below. ##STR17##

Hydrogenolysis of the benzyl group, e.g. with palladium-on-carboncatalyst, can likewise be carried out on any of the above intermediates,to provide the corresponding compound of formula (I) wherein R₁ ishydrogen and n is zero. The remaining compounds of formula (I), n iszero are obtained from the nitrile and carboxylate intermediates bymethods analogous to those employed for the invention compounds (I)where n is 1 or 2.

The amides of formula (I, Q=CONR₉ R₁₀) are prepared from the esters oracids wherein Q₁ is COOR₄ by reaction with ammonia or the appropriateamine of formula R₉ R₁₀ NH employing standard methods known in the art.Typically, approximately equimolar amounts of the ester, e.g., offormula (XII, Q₁ =COOR₄), and the above amine or ammonia are contactedin the presence of solvent and at a temperature in the range of fromabout 0° to 100° C. Examples of solvents which may be successfullyemployed in this reaction are the lower alkanols such as methanol,ethanol, isopropanol and n-butanol; ethers such as diethylether,tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and diethyleneglycol dimethylether;hydrocarbons such as hexane, benzene and toluene and mixtures thereof.Preferred solvents are methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran,toluene and their mixtures.

When acids of formula (XII, Q₁ =COOH) are employed to provide amides offormula (I, Q=CONR₉ R₁₀), it is preferable to convert the acid to anactivated derivative such as the acid halide or a mixed anhydride priorto reaction with the amine or ammonia of formula R₉ R₁₀ NH. Typically,the acid is first reacted with an equimolar amount of thionyl chlorideto form the corresponding acid chloride by methods well known in theart, and the latter compound reacted with at least an equimolar amountof free base of formula R₉ R₁₀ NH, but preferably a molar excess ofbase, e.g., 2-3 moles, in the presence of a reaction inert organicsolvent. The resulting amide is then isolated by filtration to removeprecipitated amine hydrochloride salt and the product isolated bywashing and evaporation of the filtrate. Preferred reaction inertsolvents for this procedure are ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, chloroformor methylene chloride. It is also preferred that this reaction becarried out with compounds of formula (XII, Q₁ =COOH) in which thehydroxy group is protected by acylation in order to prevent unwantedside reaction of the acid halide with the phenolic hydroxy group. Apreferred acyl is acetyl. The resulting acyloxyamide, e.g., (I, Q=CONR₉R₁₀, R₁ =CH₃ CO) may then be converted to the corresponding hydroxycompound (R₁ =H) by contacting the product thus obtained with diluteaqueous alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodiumcarbonate.

The amides of formula (I, Q=CONR₉ R₁₀) can be reduced by eithercatalytic hydrogenation or metal hydrides to provide the correspondingamine derivatives (I, Q=CH₂ NR₉ R₁₀) as described above for reduction ofnitriles (XII, Q₁ =CN) to provide the primary amines, (I, Q=CH₂ NH₂).

Reaction of the latter primary amine compounds with, e.g., an acidhalide of formula R₁₁ COCl, R₁₁ COBr or a mixed anhydride of formula R₁₁COOCOalkyl where alkyl is C₁ -C₄, employing the same methods andconditions described above for preparation of amides of formula (I,Q=CONR₉ R₁₀), provides the desired amides of formula (I, Q=CH₂ NHCOR₁₁).Similarly, use of a sulfonyl halide of formula R₁₂ SO₂ Cl or R₁₂ SO₂ Braffords the corresponding sulfonamide (I, Q=CH₂ NHSO₂ R₁₂) where R₁₂ isas previously defined.

The esters of formulae (I, Q=COOR₄), (XII) or (XIV) where R₄ is alkyl orthe lactones of formula (III) also serve as starting materials forpreparation of the tertiary alcohols. Said esters or lactones uponreaction with a molar excess of Grignard reagent, R₅ MgX, where R₅ is(C₁ -C₄)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl and X is Cl, Br or I, provide thecorresponding compound of formula (I, R₁ =H, Q=(R₅)₂ COH). The reactionis ordinarily carried out at a temperature of from about 0° C. up to thereflux temperature of the solvent, preferably at room temperature. Thereaction is ordinarily complete in from about 2-24 hours. The excessGrignard reagent is then decomposed and the product isolated by standardmethods well known in the art. For example, water is added, the layersseparated, the aqueous phase extracted with a water immiscible solvent,e.g., ethyl ether, and the product isolated from the combined extractsby evaporation of solvent. Purification, if desired, is accomplished by,e.g., recrystallization or column chromatography. Preferred reactioninert solvents for this reaction are ethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran.

Grignard reaction of the above described lactols of formula (XXVI)employing equimolar amounts of Grignard reagent and lactol under theabove described conditions, similarly provides secondary alcohols offormula (I, n=1, Q=CH(OH)R₅, R₁ =H).

Oxidation of the secondary alcohols or corresponding primary alcohols offormula (I, Q=CH(OH)R₅) provided above, employing an oxidizing agentknown to oxidize primary and secondary alcohols to aldehydes andketones, respectively, provides the corresponding compounds of formula(I, Q=COR₅) where R₅ is hydrogen, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, phenyl or benzyl.Oxidizing agents which can be employed for this oxidation are well knownin the art, see, e.g., Sandler and Karo, "Organic Functional GroupPreparations", Academic Press, New York, 1968, pp. 147-173. Preferredoxidizing agents, however, are chromic acid, chromic anhydride,potassium dichromate, manganese dioxide and lead tetraacetate andparticularly preferred is chromic anhydride in pyridine. While theoxidation with the preferred agants above may be carried out over a widerange of temperature, e.g., from about 0° to 100° C., a preferredtemperature is from about 10° to 50° C. The alcohol and a molar excessof chromic anhydride, e.g., a 100% molar excess, are contacted inaqueous pyridine. The oxidation is ordinarily complete at a temperaturein the preferred range, in from about one to eight hours. After whichthe product is isolated by pouring the mixture into water, extractionwith a water immiscible solvent, e.g., ethyl ether, methylene chlorideor chloroform, and evaporation of solvent.

The compounds of formula (I) wherein Q is 5-tetrazolyl are obtainede.g., by reaction of the corresponding nitrile (I, Q=CN) with azide ionin the presence of acid by methods analogous to those disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 4,081,455. The azide ion can be derived from a variety ofsources. The only criterion appears to be that the particular sourcechosen be capable of releasing azide ion under the conditions employed.Suitable sources of azide ions are, e.g. metal azides, especially thealkali metal azides, trialkylsilyl azides having from one to four carbonatoms in each of the alkyl groups, such as trimethylsilyl azide.Preferred conditions for such reaction are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.4,081,455.

Flow Chart B, below, illustrates methods which can be employed toprovide the invention compounds of formula (I) wherein n is 2.

FLOW CHART B

For compounds of formula (I), n=2: ##STR18##

A primary alcohol of formula (I) wherein n is 1, Q is CH₂ OH, R₁ isCOCH₃ and t and Z are as previously defined is first converted to thecorresponding alkylsulfonyl or arylsulfonyl ester wherein alkyl is,e.g., of from one to four carbon atoms and aryl is, e.g., phenyl ortolyl. As especially preferred sulfonyl ester is methylsulfonyl forreasons of economy and efficiency. In a typical such reaction theprimary alcohol of formula (I), as defined above, and an equimolaramount of methanesulfonyl chloride are contacted in the presence of asolvent amount of pyridine or triethylamine which also acts as an acidacceptor. The resulting mixture is maintained at a temperature of fromabout -10° to 40° C., preferably from about 0° to 30° C., at whichtemperature the reaction is complete in from about 15 minutes to fourhours. The methanesulfonyl ester is then isolated by standardtechniques, e.g., by evaporation of volatiles and partitioning of theresidue between water and a water immiscible solvent, washing andevaporation of solvent.

The mesylate ester thus provided is further reacted with a molar excess,e.g., a 2-20 molar excess, of an alkali metal cyanide, preferablypotassium cyanide and preferably in the presence of a catalytic amountof potassium iodide to afford the desired nitrile of formula (XIII)which corresponds to (I, n=2, Q=CN, R₁ =H). This reaction is ordinarilycarried out in the presence of a reaction inert polar solvent,preferably dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, diethyleneglycoldimethyl ether, or their mixtures with water; and at a temperature offrom about 50° to 150° C., preferably 75° to 105° C. Under the abovementioned preferred conditions the formation of the desired nitrile iscomplete in from about one to six hours. The product is isolated bymethods well known in the art, e.g., by evaporation of solvent,partitioning the residue between water and water immiscible solvent,e.g., chloroform or methylene chloride and evaporation of the solvent.The residue is purified, if desired, e.g., by chromatography. Thenitrile, thus obtained, serves as precursor of the remaining compoundsof formula (I, n=2) as shown in Flow Curve B.

Hydrolysis of the nitrile, employing methods and conditions well knownin the art for conversion of nitriles to carboxylic acids, affords theacids of formula (I, n=2, Q=COOH). Typically, the nitrile in aqueousalcoholic alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide is heated at reflux for about4-24 hours and the product isolated by acidification of the mixture,extraction into a water immiscible solvent, e.g., ethyl ether orchloroform, and evaporation of solvent.

Esterification of the carboxylic acids obtained above with alcohols ofthe formula R₇ OH provides the corresponding esters of formula (I, n=2,Q=COOR₄) where R₄ is alkyl having from one to four carbon atoms. Theesterification is typically carried out by contacting the carboxylicacid (I, n=2, Q=COOH) with a molar excess of alcohol, R₄ OH, in thepresence of a catalytic amount of a strong acid, e.g., hydrogen chlorideor sulfuric acid, at a temperature of from about 25° C. up to the refluxtemperature of the mixture, preferably 50° to 110° C., for about 4 to 24hours. The ester is then isolated by neutralization of the mixture with,e.g., sodium hydroxide, filtration and evaporation of the filtrate.

Reduction of the compounds of formula (I, n=2, Q=COOR₄) by means ofhydrogen and a noble metal catalyst or employing metal hydride reducingagents, e.g., lithium aluminum hydride, as described above for thecorresponding compounds wherein n=1, provides the primary alcohols offormula (I, n=2, Q=CH₂ OH).

The amides of formula (I, n=2, Q=CONR₉ R₁₀) are obtained by reaction ofthe corresponding acids and esters wherein Q=COOR₄ by the methodspreviously described for the corresponding compounds wherein n=1.Similarly, the compounds of formula (I, n=2, Q=CH₂ NR₉ R₁₀) are obtainedby reduction of the appropriate amide as described above for theircounterparts wherein n=1.

The remaining compounds of formula (I, n=2) wherein Q is CH₂ NH₂, CH₂NHCOR₁₁, CH₂ NHSO₂ R₁₂ and C(OH)R₅ R₆ are also obtained by correspondingprocedures previously defined for their counterparts wherein n=1.

The invention compounds of formula (I, Q=CHO) wherein n is 1 or 2 arepreferably provided by reaction of the corresponding N,N-dialkylamide offormula (I, Q=CONR₉ R₁₀) with disiamylborane[bis(1,2-dimethylpropyl)borane]. In a typical reaction the tertiaryamide, e.g., N,N-dimethylamide, of formula (I) and a molar excess, e.g.,a 100% molar excess, of disiamylborane are contacted in a reaction inertsolvent, e.g., tetrahydrofuran at a temperature of from about 0° to 50°C., preferably room temperature until the formation of aldehyde iscomplete, typically from about 2 to 20 hours. The excess reducingreagent is then decomposed by cautious addition of water, the solventevaporated, the residue isolated by partitioning between water and waterimmiscible solvent and the solvent evaporated.

Reaction of the aldehydes (I, Q=CHO) wherein n is zero or 2 with anequimolar amount of Grignard reagent, R₅ MgX, employing methods andconditions previously described for reaction of esters of formula (I,n=1, Q=COOR₄) or the corresponding lactones of formula (III), affordsthe corresponding secondary alcohols of formula [I, Q=CH(OH)R₅ ].

Oxidation of the secondary alcohols of formula (I, Q=CH(OH)R₅) employingoxidizing agents and conditions known in the art to convert secondaryalcohols to the corresponding ketones, provides the correspondinginvention compounds of formula (I, Q=COR₅). Examples of oxidizing agentswhich can be employed in production of these ketones are potassiumpermanganate, potassium dichromate chromium trioxide and chromiumtrioxide in the presence of pyridine. In carrying out the oxidation tothe starting secondary alcohol in a reaction inert solvent, e.g.,dichloromethane, chloroform, benzene, pyridine, water or mixturesthereof, is added at least an equimolar amount, preferably a molarexcess, e.g., 100-500% molar excess, of the oxidizing agent and theoxidation allowed to proceed to substantial completion. While thisoxidation can be successfully carried out over a wide range oftemperatures such as from 0° to 100° C., a preferred temperature whenthe preferred oxidizing agent is employed is in the range of from 10° to30° C. Under these conditions the reaction is complete in from about oneto six hours, typically two to four hours. A preferred solvent for theoxidation is aqueous pyridine when the oxidizing agent is chromiumtrioxide in the presence of pyridine. The product is isolated, forexample, by pouring the reaction mixture into water, adjusting themixture to an acidic pH and extraction with a water immiscible solvent,e.g., chloroform, methylene chloride or ethyl ether. Drying the extractsand evaporation of solvent affords the desired ketone.

Reaction of the ketones of formula (I, Q=COR₅) with an equimolar amountof a Grignard reagent of formula R₆ MgX, wherein R₆ is as previouslydefined and is the same or different than R₅, employing methods andconditions described above for the reaction of esters of formula (I, orXXI, Q=COOR₄) or the lactones of formula (III), affords tertiaryalcohols of the invention of formula (I, Q=C(OH)R₅ R₆).

Flow Chart C, below, outlines an alternative method for preparing5-(2-hydroxyethyl)hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline and6-(2-hydroxyethyl)hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]quinoline compounds of theformula (XXV), (XV, M is N) or (I, n is 1, Q is CH₂ OH).

In the initial step of this reaction sequence the 3-oxoadipate diesteror 3-oxopimelate diester of formula (XVI), prepared by condensation ofthe half ester acid chloride of succinic or glutaric acid with ethyllithioacetate in the presence of a condensing agent, e.g.,dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; is contacted with a 3-(OR₁₅ -substituted)-5-Z₁-substituted-aniline of formula (XVII) under hydrogenation conditions.Typically the reactants of formula (XVI) and (XVII) are combined inapproximately equimolar amounts in the presence of acetic acid andshaken with a catalytic amount of platinum at ambient temperature undera hydrogen atmosphere until the reduction of the Schiff base formed iscomplete. After removal of catalyst and evaporation of the bulk of theacetic acid, the residue is added to refluxing HBr/acetic acid to affectcyclization and hydrolysis to the acid of formula (XVIII) or theketolactam (XIX). When the product is the acid (XVIII), it is furthercyclized under dehydration conditions to afford the correspondingcompound (XIX). In the intermediates (XVIII) and (XIX) produced fromstarting anilines (XVII) wherein R₁₅ is alkyl or benzyl,

FLOW CHART C

For compounds of the invention where M is N, n is 1: ##STR19##

(XXIII)-(XXV)→(I, M=N) for remaining values of Q₁ and R₁ and/or Z₁ isalkoxy or benzyloxy, the ether groups are cleaved by the treatment withHBr/acetic acid, to give products wherein R₁₅ and Z₁ are H and OH,respectively. When this is the case, it is ordinarily preferable tocomplete the side chain, Z, by selective esterification, e.g., byreaction of intermediate (XIX, R₁ =H, Z₁ =OH) with the appropriate sidechain precursor of formula Z₂ X where Z₂ plus an atom of oxygen forms Z,and X is a leaving group, e.g., Cl, Br, I, CH₃ SO₂ O or 4--CH₃ C₆ H₄ SO₂O. A preferred value of X is CH₃ SO₂ O.

The remaining steps to form intermediates (XXI), (XXII), (XXIII), (XXIV)are carried out as previously described for the corresponding stepsdepicted in Flow Chart A to provide compounds of formulae (IV), (X),(XI), (XII) and (III). The final step, to reduce to lactam-lactone(XXIV), is ordinarily carried out by hydride reduction, preferablyemploying lithiun aluminum hydride, by methods described above forreduction of lactones (III).

One sequence available for the preparation of numerous startingcompounds of formula (VIII, M is CH) employs as a first stage theheating of cyclohexanone or cyclopentanone with a suitable substitutedphenyl Grignard in a high boiling, reaction inert solvent to produce acompound of the formula ##STR20## wherein t is as defined above, R₁₅ ismethyl or benzyl and Z₁ is methoxy, benzyloxy, (C₅ -C₁₃)alkyl, (C₅-C₁₃)alkoxyalkyl, (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkyl, or (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxyalkyl.Condensation with alkyl acetate, dehydration, and hydrolysis ofintermediate ester produces unsaturated acids of the formulae ##STR21##Equivalents such as malonate (decarboxylate to the acetate afterhydrolysis) can be substituted for the alkyl acetate. Lithium in liquidammonia reduction of the former yields the trans-form of the substitutedacetic acid derivatives, while catalytic hydrogenation of the latterunder conditions detailed above yields the cis-form of the acetic acid(with simultaneous debenzylation when R₁₅ is benzyl). Finally,cyclization, debenzylation or O-demethylation and alkylation when Z is aphenolic ether derivative, yields tricyclic ketones of the respectiveformulae ##STR22## wherein n and Z are as hereinbefore defined.

Alternatively, suitable substituted aromatic aldehydes are condensedwith nitromethane to yield trans-1-(disubstitutedphenyl)-2-nitroethylenes of the formula ##STR23## wherein R₁₅ is asdefined above and Z₂ is methoxy, benzyloxy or Z is as defined above.Condensation of the latter with butadiene under Diehls-Alder conditionsyields the corresponding 4-(substituted phenyl)-5-nitrocyclohexene. TheNef reaction converts the nitro compound to the unsaturatedcyclohexanone derivative, viz, 6-(disubstitutedphenyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-one which is hydrogenated according to methodsdetailed above (with simultaneous removal of benzyl, if present);demethylated if methyl ether is present (with simultaneous dealkylationif Z₂ is an alkoxy derivative); and alkylated if Z is an alkoxyderivative to yield a ketone of the formula ##STR24## wherein Z is asdefined above. It will be noted that inversion occurs in such alkylationreactions, e.g., 5-phenyl-2S-pentyl mesylate yields Z as5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy.

Corresponding tricyclic nitrogen analogs are conveniently prepared from3,omega-dihalo acids and disubstituted anilines, e.g., ##STR25## whereint, R₁₅, Z₁ and Z₂ are as defined above, followed by cyclization,debenzylation or demethylation (accompanied by dealkylation when Z₂ isan alkoxy derivative) and alkylation when Z is an alkoxy derivative toyield pyrrolo/pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinones of the formula ##STR26##

Many of the anilines, aromatic halides or aromatic aldehydes required asstarting materials for the present syntheses are available commerciallyor their syntheses are reported in the literature. When not otherwiseavailable, the anilines required for the present syntheses are preparedby methods previously set forth by Johnson, U.S. Pat. No. 4,260,764. Thelatter are converted to the corresponding aromatic bromides andchlorides according to procedures set forth by Bigelow, OrganicSyntheses I, pp. 135-137 (1941) and then reacted with magnesium toprovide the required Grignard reagents. While a variety of methods areavailable for the synthesis of the required aldehydes they are alsobroadly available from the anilines of Johnson. The anilines areconverted to the corresponding nitriles by the method of Clarke andRead, Organic Syntheses I, pp. 514-516 (1941). The nitriles aresubjected to the Stephen reduction to yield the aldehyde directly.Alternatively, the nitriles are hydrolyzed to acid, then converted toacid chloride and hydrogenated under Rosemund conditions. Acid chloridescan also be converted to the thiol ester and desulfurized to aldehydesaccording to Wolfram et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 68, pp. 1455-1546.Alternatively, aldehydes are obtained from the corresponding benzylaldehydes by oxidation in dimethylsulfoxide according to Kornblum etal., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, pp. 4113-4114. The benzyl bromides areprepared according to methods set forth in Althuis et al., U.S. Pat. No.4,188,495. Aldehydes are also available by reaction of aromatic Grignardreagents with ethyl orthoformate.

When Z is (C₅ -C₁₃)alkoxy, (C₈ -C₁₃)pyridylalkoxy, or (C₉-C₁₄)phenylalkoxy (the phenyl group optionally substituted with a chloroor fluoro), the required halide or mesylate, if not availablecommercially, is readily obtained from the corresponding alcohol usingconditions standard in the chemical art. The alcohols in turn areavailable commercially or by literature methods. For example primaryalcohols are available by hydride reduction of aldehydes, acids oresters, while secondary alcohols are available by hydride reduction ofketones. All varieties of alcohols are available by the hydration ofolefins, or by the reaction of epoxides with Grignard reagents.Furthermore, many halides suitable for the introduction of the sidechainare available by direct halogenation of olefins or addition of hydrogenhalides to olefins.

When the optically active variant of one of the compounds of the presentinvention is desired, resolution is accomplished by formation andseparation of diastereomeric salts derived from an optically activeamine/acid with an acidic/basic intermediate or end product according tomethods well known in the chemical art. Alternatively, alcoholintermediates are resolved by formation of diasteromeric esters, e.g.optically active amine salts of hemiphthalate esters or are formeddirectly by use of optically active reagents. It is preferred, however,to carry out the resolution at an early stage in the process in order toavoid unnecessary processing of material which is not desired.

The pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the presentinvention are readily prepared by contacting the free base with theappropriate mineral or organic acid in either aqueous solution or in asuitable organic solvent. The salt can then be obtained by precipitationor by evaporation of the solvent. The pharmaceutically acceptable acidaddition salts of this invention include, but are not limited to, thoseformed with hydrochloric, hydrobromic, nitric, phosphoric, sulfuric,benzenesulfonic, citric, laurylsulfonic, fumaric, oxalic, maleic,methanesulfonic, tartaric, p-toluenesulfonic, and succinic acid. Withpolybasic acids, the salt can include more than one mole of base permole of acid. However, the acid addition salts which are mole for moleare preferred. If desired, these salts are isolated directly fromreaction mixtures by suitable modification of the isolation procedure,without isolation of the intermediate free acid.

The pharmaceutically acceptable cationic salts of the compounds of thepresent invention are readily prepared by reacting the acid forms withan appropriate base, usually one equivalent, in a co-solvent. By theexpression "pharmaceutically acceptable cationic salts" is intendedsalts such as the alkali metal salts, e.g., sodium and potassium;alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium; aluminumsalts; ammonium salts; and salts with organic bases, e.g., amines suchas benzathine (N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine), choline, diethanolamine,ethylenediamine, meglumine (N-methylglucamine), benethamine(N-benzylphenethylamine), diethylamine, piperazine, and tromethamine(2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol). Typical bases employed in thepreparation of these cationic salts are sodium hydroxide, sodiummethoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium hydride, potassium methoxide,magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, benzathine, choline,diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglumine, benethamine, diethylamine,piperazine and tromethamine. The salt is isolated by concentration todryness or by addition of a non-solvent. In some cases, salts can beprepared by mixing a solution of the acid with a solution of a differentsalt of the cation (e.g., sodium ethylhexanoate, magnesium oleate),employing a solvent in which the desired cationic salt precipitates, orcan be otherwise isolated by concentration and/or addition of anon-solvent. If desired, these salts are isolated directly from reactionmixtures by suitable isolation procedures, without isolation of theintermediate free acid.

Phenolic esters of compounds of formula (I) wherein R₁ is benzoyl,alkanoyl or --CO--(CH₂)_(p) --NR₂ R₃ are readily prepared by reactingformula (I) compounds wherein R₁ is hydrogen with benzoic acid, theappropriate alkanoic acid or acid of formula HOOC--(CH₂)_(p) --NR₂ R₃ inthe presence of a condensing agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.Alternatively, they are prepared by reaction of the formula (I) (R₁ =H)compound with the appropriate acid chloride or anhydride, e.g., benzoylchloride, acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride, in the presence of a basesuch as pyridine.

The presence of a basic group in the ester moiety (OR₁) in the compoundsof this invention permits formation of acid-addition salts involvingsaid basic group. When the herein described basic esters are preparedvia condensation of the appropriate amino acid hydrochloride (or otheracid addition salt) with the appropriate compound of formula (I) in thepresence of a condensing agent, the hydrochloride salt of the basicester is produced. Careful neutralization affords the free base. Thefree base form can then be converted to other acid addition salts byknown procedures.

The analgesic properties of the compounds of this invention aredetermined by tests using thermal nociceptive stimuli, such as the mousetail flick procedure, or chemical nociceptive stimuli, such as measuringthe ability of a compound to suppress phenylbenzoquinoneirritant-induced writhing in mice. These tests and others are describedbelow.

TESTS USING THERMAL NOCICEPTIVE STIMULI

(a) Mouse Hot Plate Analgesic Testing

The method used is modified after Woolfe and MacDonald, J. Pharmacol.Exp. Ther., 80, 300-307 (1944). A controlled heat stimulus is applied tothe feet of mice on a 1/8" thick aluminum plate. A 250 watt reflectorinfrared heat lamp is placed under the bottom of the aluminum plate. Athermal regulator, connected to thermistors on the plate surface,programs the heat lamp to maintain a constant temperature of 57° C. Eachmouse is dropped into a glass cylinder (61/2" diameter) resting on thehot plate, and timing is begun when the animal's feet touch the plate.At 0.5 and 2 hours after treatment with the test compound the mouse isobserved for the first "flicking" movements of one or both hind feet, oruntil 10 seconds elapse without such movements. Morphine has an MPE₅₀=4-5.6 mg./kg. (s.c.).

The physician will determine the dosage which will be most suitable foran individual patient and it will vary with the age, weight and responseof the particular patient and the route of administration. Generally,however, the initial analgesic dosage in adults is from 0.01 to 500 mg.per day in single or divided doses. In many instances, it is notnecessary to exceed 100 mg. daily. The favored oral dosage range is from0.01 to about 300 mg./day; the preferred range is from 0.10 to about 50mg./day. The favored parenteral dose is from 0.01 to 100 mg./day; thepreferred range is from 0.01 to 20 mg./day.

The use of these compounds for the treatment of glacuoma is believed tobe due to their ability to reduce intraocular pressure. Their effects onintraocular pressure are determined by tests on dogs. The test drug isinstilled into the eye of a dog in the form of a solution or isadministered systemically at various periods of time after which the eyeis anesthetized by instillation of tetracaine hydrochloride, 1/2%, 2drops. A few minutes after this local anesthesia, intraocular pressurereadings are taken with a Schiotz mechanical tonometer and afterfluorescein dye is administered, with a Holberg hand applicationtonometer. The test drug is conveniently used in a solution such as thefollowing: test drug (1 mg.), ethanol (0.05 ml.), Tween 80(polyoxyalkylene derivative of sorbitan monooleate, available from AtlasPowder Co., Wilmington, Del. 19899; 50 mg.) and saline (to make 1 ml.),or in a more concentrated solution wherein the ingredients are presentin proportions of 10 mg., 0.10 ml., 100 mg. and 1 ml., respectively.Alternatively the compounds of the present invention are tested fortheir ability to reduce intraocular pressure in normal rabbits accordingto the method of Elsohly et al., J. Clin. Pharmacol. 21, pp. 472S-478S(1981). For human use, concentrations of drug from 0.01 mg./kg. to 10mg./kg. are useful.

Their activity as diuretic agents is determined by the procedure ofLipschitz et al., J. Pharmacol., 79, 97 (1943) which utilizes rats asthe test animals. The dosage range for this use is the same as thatnoted above with respect to their use as analgesic agents.

The antiemetic properties of the compounds of the present invention aredetermined in unanesthetized unrestrained cats according to theprocedure described by McCarthy and Borison, J. Clin. Pharmacol., 21,30S-37S (1981). The dosage ranges for this utility is also the same asthat noted above with respect to their analgesic utility.

This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, including unitdosage forms, valuable for the use of the herein described compounds asanalgesics and other utilities disclosed herein. The dosage form may begiven in single or multiple doses, as previously noted, to achieve thedaily dosage effective for a particular utility.

The compounds (drugs) described herein can be formulated foradministration in solid or liquid form for oral or parenteraladministration. Capsules containing drugs of this invention; i.e.;compounds of formulae (I), (V) or (VI), are prepared by mixing one partby weight of drug with nine parts of excipient such as starch or milksugar and then loading the mixture into telescoping gelatin capsulessuch that each capsule contains 100 parts of the mixture. Tabletscontaining the same compounds are prepared by compounding suitablemixtures of drug and standard ingredients used in preparing tablets,such as starch, binders and lubricants, such that each tablet containsfrom 0.01 to 100 mg. of drug per tablet.

Suspensions and solutions of these drugs of formulae (I), (V) or (VI)are generally prepared just prior to use in order to avoid problems ofstability of the drug (e.g. oxidation) or of suspensions or solution(e.g. precipitation) of the drug upon storage. Compositions suitable forsuch are generally dry solid compositions which are reconstituted forinjectable administration.

The present invention is illustrated by the following examples. However,it should be understood that the invention is not limited to thespecific details of these examples.

When compounds containing more than one asymmetric center contain acenter of unspecified absolute or relative stereochemistry (e.g.5-phenyl-2-pentyl) it will be understood by those skilled in the artthat the product is a mixture of two diastereoisomers or two racemates,respectively, usually in a ratio of about 1:1.

EXAMPLE 1 O¹ -Ethyl O⁷ -Methyl 3-Oxoheptandioate

A five liter round bottom flask was fitted with a mechanical stirrer,thermometer and a one liter addition funnel. The addition funnel was inturn fitted with a septum into which was introduced a nitrogen line, anequalizing line and a liquid reagent inlet line. The equalizing line wasfurther connected with tubing to a straight vacuum adapter and thisadapter was fitted between the addition funnel and the five liter flask.The flask was charged with nitrogen then with 976 ml. (2.05 moles=2.25equiv.) n-butyllithium in 800 ml. anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) andthe mixture was cooled to -78° C. in a dry ice/acetone bath. To this wasadded 408 ml. (2.05 moles) of dicyclohexylamine in 375 ml. THF dropwiseover 45 minutes (temperature kept below -67° C.). After equilibrating to-78° C., 201 ml. (2.05 moles) of freshly distilled ethyl acetate in 100ml. THF was added dropwise over 45 minutes (below -67° C.). Afteraddition, the mixture was allowed to stir at -78° C. for 15 minutes.After 15 minutes 150 g. (0.91 moles) of methyl 4-(chloroformyl)butyratedissolved in 200 ml. THF was added dropwise over 30 minutes (below -70°C.). The mixture was then stirred one hour at -78° C., after which 231ml. (2.05 moles) of glacial acetic acid was added dropwise over 25minutes. After addition was complete the dry ice/acetone bath wasremoved and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 0° C. Afterdiluting with one liter of ethyl ether, the precipitated inorganicmaterial was filtered and washed well with ether. The combined organicsolvents were evaporated in vacuo. The residue was partitioned betweenEt₂ O/H₂ O (1000 ml. of each) and separated. The ether layer was washedwith 2×500 ml., 0.5N hydrochloric acid (some solids precipitated withthe first wash and were filtered; no precipitate was observed with thesecond wash). The organic layer was washed with 500 ml. H₂ O, 500 ml.saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, 500 ml. H₂ O, 500 ml. brine, andfinally dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.

The ether was filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo to yield108.5 g. (55.1%) of 3-oxopimelic acid, ethyl, methyl diester as a goldcolored mobile liquid; ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.25 (t, CH₃ CH₂ O),1.7-2.7 (m, --CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ --), 3.4 (s, --C--CH₂ C--), 3.6 (s, CH₃ O--),4.1 (q, CH₃ CH₂ O--). Mass spectrum (m/e): 216 (M⁺).

EXAMPLE 2 O¹ -Ethyl O⁶ -Methyl 3-Oxohexandioate

When the procedure of Example 1 was repeated, but using methyl3-(chloroformyl)propionate in place of methyl 4-(chloroformyl)butyratethe crude title compound was obtained in quantitative yield as a lightorange oil which was distilled to afford the pure diester, B.P.125°-135° C. (1.5-2.5 mm.) in 48% yield. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta):1.28 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 2.06-3.13 (m, 4H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H),4.16 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz).

EXAMPLE 3dl-6,8-Dihydroxy-3a,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1,5-dione

In a pressure bottle were combined 48.5 g. (0.32 mole)3,5-dimethoxyaniline, 1.4 g. platinum dioxide, 64.0 g. (0.32 mole) O¹-ethyl O⁶ -methyl 3-oxohexandioate and 140 ml. glacial acetic acid andshaken under hydrogen at 40-50 psi (2.8-3.5 kg./cm.²) for 90 hours. Themixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth, washing with 3×40 ml.acetic acid. The combined filtrate and washings were evaporated in vacuoto obtain about 125 ml. of residue.

In a separate flask 490 ml. 48% hydrobromic acid and 270 ml. acetic acidwere heated to reflux with stirring. To this was added dropwise the ˜125ml. residue from above. The addition required about 30 minutes, duringwhich gas evolution was vigorous. The resulting mixture was refluxed foran additional 30 minutes. The flask was fitted with a distillation headand condensor and 700 ml. of distillate was collected over three hours.The residual mixture was poured onto a liter of crushed ice and theresulting red solids collected by filtration (62 g.). Extraction of thefiltrate with ethyl acetate (2 liters), drying and evaporation ofsolvent gave an additional 7 g. of red solid. The combined red solidswere dissolved in 3.5 liters of boiling methanol. Upon cooling andfiltration of precipitate, 25.4 g. of light orange solids was obtained.Evaporation of the mother liquor to one liter and cooling affords anadditional 10.2 g. orange solids. A third crop was collected afterevaporation of the mother liquor to ˜250 ml. (5.7 g.). Total yield, 41.3g. (55.4%), M.P. 250° (decomp.). ¹ H-NMR [(CD₃)₂ SO] ppm (delta):1.5-2.3 (m, 2H), 2.4-3.8 (m, 4H), 4.0-4.7 (m, 1H), 6.0 (d, 1H, J=2.5Hz), 7.6 (d, 1H, J=2.5 Hz), 9.3 (s, 1H), 10.4 (s, 1H). Infrared spectrum(KBr) microns: 2.9 (OH), 3.5 (OH), 5.95 (CO), 6.1 (CO).

Analysis Calculated for C₁₂ H₁₁ O₄ N: C, 61.80; H, 4.75; N, 6.01. Found:C, 62.08; H, 4.95; N, 6.06.

EXAMPLE 4dl-4a,5-Dihydro-7,9-dihydroxy-(2H,3H,4H)-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline-1,6-dione

A. A mixture of 41.0 g. (0.19 mole) O¹ -ethyl O⁷ -methyl3-oxoheptandioate, 1.0 g. PtO₂ catalyst, 29.1 g. (0.19 mole)3,5-dimethoxyaniline and 80 ml. glacial acetic acid was hydrogenated at50 psi (3.5 kg./cm.²) for 36 hours. The catalyst was removed byfiltration, washing with acetic acid and the filtrate evaporated invacuo to 100 ml.

This was added dropwise under nitrogen, to a refluxing mixture of 360ml. 48% hydrobromic acid and 200 ml. glacial acetic acid. The resultingmixture was heated at reflux for 30 minutes after the addition wascompleted. The mixture was concentrated, under a nitrogen stream, bydistillation, 500 ml. of distillate being collected over three hours.The residue was cooled to room temperature, poured onto 500 ml. ice andextracted with 4×500 ml. ethyl acetate. The extracts were dried (MgSO₄)and solvent evaporated in vacuo to yield 33 g. (65.5%) of4-[2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-(1H)-quinolin-4-one-2-yl]butyric acid as alight brown gum. ¹ H-NMR [(CD₃)₂ SO] ppm (delta): 1.6-3.55 (m, 10H),5.58 and 5.75 (2H, split doublets), 6.75 (1H, OH), 10.2 (1H, OH), 12.75(1H, COOH). Mass spectrum (m/e): 265 M⁺. Infrared (KBr) 5.89 microns(COOH).

Analysis Calculated for C₁₃ H₁₅ O₅ N: C, 58.86; H, 5.70; N, 5.28. Found:C, 59.22; H, 5.70; N, 5.02.

B. A mixture of 26 g. (0.098 mole)4-[2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-(1H)-quinolin-4-one-2-yl]butyric acid and260 ml. methanesulfonic acid was heated under a nitrogen atmosphere at140° C. for two hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to roomtemperature and poured onto 1000 ml. ice. To this was added 4 litersethyl acetate, 1 liter water, 250 g. sodium chloride and the resultingmixture stirred at room temperature overnight. The layers wereseparated, the aqueous phase extracted with 4×500 ml. ethyl acetate andthe combined organic layers washed with saturated sodium bicarbonatesolution until the pH was 7 and no effervescence was observed. Theextract was then washed with water (1000 ml.), brine (1000 ml.) anddried (MgSO₄). The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, the residueredissolved in a small amount of hot ethyl acetate, diluted with ethylether and cooled to 0° C. The precipitated solid was collected byfiltration and dried in vacuo to afford 9.4 g. (38.8%) of the titlecompound, M.P. 259°-268° C. (decomp.). ¹ H-NMR [(CD₃)₂ SO] ppm (delta):1.75-3.25 (m, 11H), 6.1 and 6.95 (2H, split doublets, meta aryl). Massspectrum (m/e): 247 M⁺.

Analysis Calculated for C₁₃ H₁₃ O₄ N: C, 63.15; H, 5.30; N, 5.67. Found:C, 63.22; H, 5.44; N, 5.35.

EXAMPLE 5 Diastereomers of6-Hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3a,4-dihydro(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1,5-dione

Under anhydrous conditions and in a nitrogen atmosphere, 70 g. (0.30mole)6,8-dihydroxy-3a,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1,5-dione wasdissolved in 750 ml. dimethylformamide by warming to 60° C. To theresulting deep red solution was added 51.6 g. (0.675 mole) potassiumcarbonate. The mixture was heated to 70° C., a solution of2-methylsulfonyloxy-5-phenylpentane in 250 ml. dimethylformamide wasadded in a fast stream, and heated at 75°-80° C. for 12 hours.Additional portions of 2-methylsulfonyloxy-5-phenylpentane (5.3 g.) andpotassium carbonate (3.8 g.) and heating continued at 75°-80° C. for twohours. The mixture was poured over a mixture (one liter each) ethylacetate and ice and, after shaking in a separtory funnel, the layerswere separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with 5×1000 ml. ethylacetate. The combined organic layers were washed with 3×4 liters water,3×2 liters of 0.5N hydrochloric acid, dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated toa volume of about 2.5 liters. Upon cooling, the precipitated productwhich formed was collected: 9.0 g., M.P. 151°-153° C. The mother liquorwas concentrated to half volume, cooled, and a second crop, 34.2 g.,M.P. 148°-151° C., was collected. Total yield by crystallization: 52.2g. This material was shown to be primarily a single diastereomer,designated as "Diastereomer B." Upon recrystallization from ethylacetate, colorless crystals were obtained, M.P. 159°-161° C. This wasfound to be about 90% diastereomer B. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.33(d, 3H, J=6 Hz).

The mother liquor was then evaporated to dryness in vacuo to afford 68g. of residual oil. The oil was chromatographed on a column of silicagel (1 kg., 48-63 microns) eluting first with eight liters of 9:1toluene/ethyl ether then with four liters of 85:15 toluene/ethyl ether.Fractions were monitored by TLC using a 1:1 toluene/ethyl ether solventand developing with phosphomolybdic acid. Like fractions were combinedand evaporated in vacuo to afford 48.6 g. of oil which was predominantly"Diastereomer A." The total yield was 52.2 g. (B) plus 48.6 g.(A)=88.6%.

The Diastereomer A obtained above, 18 g., was triturated with ethylacetate leaving 6.8 g. of solid material, M.P. 116°-132° C. which wasfound to be 3:2. Diastereomer A/Diastereomer B by NMR assay. The motherliquor from the trituration was evaporated to dryness in vacuo to obtain11 g. of purified Diastereomer A.

EXAMPLE 6 Mixture of Diastereomers of4a,5-Dihydro-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-(2H,3H,4H)-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline-1,6-dione

Under a nitrogen atmosphere and employing anhydrous conditions andreagents, a mixture of 19.5 g. (0.079 mole)dl-4a,5-dihydro-7,9-dihydroxy-(2H,3H,4H)-pyrido-[1,2-a]quinoline-1,6-dione,24.0 g. (0.174 mole) potassium carbonate and 110 ml. dimethylformamide(DMF) is heated at 90° C. for 10 minutes, then cooled to roomtemperature. To this mixture was added over 5 minutes 21.0 g. (0.087mole) 2-methylsulfonyloxy-5-phenylpentane dissolved in 20 ml. DMF. Thereaction mixture was heated at 90° C. for one hour, poured into water(800 ml.) and extracted with ethyl acetate (4×500 ml.). The organiclayers were combined with sodium bicarbonate solution (3×300 ml.), water(300 ml.), brine (300 ml.) and dried (MgSO₄). Evaporation of solvent invacuo gave a residual yellow oil which was separated by chromatographyon 1.5 kg. silica gel (0.063-0.20 mm.), eluting with 2:1 by volumetoluene/ethyl ether. Fractions were monitored by TLC employing 98% ethylether/2% methanol:the starting material (dihydroxydione) R_(f) 0.25;product, R_(f) 0.40.

Similar fractions were combined and solvent evaporated in vacuo toafford 13.6 g. (43.7%) of the title compound as a viscous yellow-orangeoil. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.05-4.25 (m, 19H), 6.05 and 6.9(split doublets, meta aryl), 7.02 (s, 5H), 10.9 (s, 1H). Mass spectrum(m/e): 393 M⁺.

EXAMPLE 7dl-6-Benzyloxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3aS*,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinolin-1,5-dione(Diastereomer A)

To a flask under a nitrogen atmosphere, is added 1.27 g. (26.54 mmole)sodium hydride (50% suspension in oil). The oil was removed by washingwith hexane (4×250 ml.), then 125 ml. dimethylformamide (DMF) was addedand the slurry cooled to 5° C. A solution of 8.76 g. (23.08 mmole) ofDiastereomer A, obtained in Example 5, in 125 ml. DMF was added dropwiseover 3-5 minutes while maintaining the reaction temperature at or below8° C. The mixture was then allowed to warm to room temperature andstirred for 4 hours. The mixture was then cooled to 10° C., a solutionof 4.54 g. (3.16 ml., 26.54 mmole) benzyl bromide in 30 ml. DMF addedover one minute and stirred at room temperature for 17 hours. It wasthen poured into a mixture of 500 ml. each of water and ethyl acetate,stirred and the layers separated. The aqueous phase was extracted threetimes with 500 ml. portions of ethyl acetate, the combined extractswashed in turn with 500 ml. portions each of water, 0.5N hydrochloricacid, 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate, brine, then dried (MgSO₄).Evaporation in vacuo gave a residual oil which was taken up in boilingethyl ether and hot hexane carefully added (˜50 ml.) to the cloud point.The mixture was cooled in ice and filtered to obtain 3.99 g. lightyellow solid, collected in two crops.

The mother liquor was concentrated to dryness in vacuo and the residue,6.5 g. separated by chromatography on a column containing 420 g. silicagel, eluting with toluene/ethyl ether. Evaporation of theproduct-containing fractions gave 1.2 g. of the title compound. Totalyield: 5.19 g. (48%). Several crystallizations from methanol affordedpure Diastereomer A benzyl ether, M.P. 123°-124° C. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 1.32 (d, 3H, J=6 Hz, 8-OCHCH₃), 1.45-1.93 (m, 5H), 2.02-2.93(m, 7H), 3.90-4.73 (m, 2H, 8-OCHCH₃ and 3a-H), 5.10 (s, broad, 2H, OCH₂C₆ H₅), 6.23 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz, 7-H), 6.88-7.77 (m, 10H, phenyls), 7.97 (d,1H, J=2 Hz, 9-H). Infrared (KBr) cm⁻¹ : 2900 (CH), 1709, 1680 (C═O).

Analysis Calculated for C₃₀ H₃₁ O₄ N: C, 76.73; H, 6.65; N, 2.98. Found:C, 76.53; H, 6.68; N, 2.96.

EXAMPLE 8dl-6-Benzyloxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3aR*,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline-1,5-dione(Diastereomer B)

Employing 17.0 g. (44.81 mmole) of Diastereomer B of6-hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3a,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1,5-dioneobtained in Example 5 (recrystallized solids, M.P. 158°-161° C.) inplace of Diastereomer A in the procedure of the previous Example, and2.47 g. (51.53 mmole) sodium hydride, 6.13 ml. (51.53 mmole) benzylbromide and 1000 ml. DMF, provided 15.43 g. (73.4%) of the titlecompound. A purified product, M.P. 103.5°-105° C. was obtained afterseveral recrystallizations from ethyl ether. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 1.31 (d, 3H, J=6 Hz, 8-OCHCH₃), 1.53-2.02 (m, 5H), 2.09-2.92(m, 7H), 4.03-4.80 (m, 2H, 8-OCHCH₃ and 3a-H), 5.11 (s, broad, 2H, OCH₂C₆ H₅), 6.24 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz, 7-H), 6.72-7.68 (m, 10H, phenyls), 7.98 (d,1H, J=2 Hz, 9-H). Infrared (KBr) cm⁻¹ : 2900 (CH), 1690, 1650 (C═O).High resonance mass spectrum molecular ion:

Calculated for C₃₀ H₃₁ O₄ N: 469.2253. Found: 469.2226.

Base peak (m/e) 91.

Analysis Calculated for C₃₀ H₃₁ O₄ N: C, 76.73; H, 6.65; N, 2.98. Found:C, 76.25; H, 6.62; N, 2.88.

EXAMPLE 9dl-6-Benzyloxy-5-hydroxy-5-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3aS*,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1-one(Diastereomer A)

Under a nitrogen atmosphere employing anhydrous reagents and conditions,to a round bottomed flask was charged 8.24 ml. n-butyllithium (2.4M inhexane, 19.8 mmole) and tetrahydrofuran (THF), 10 ml. The mixture wascooled to -78° C., a solution of 2.78 ml. (19.8 mmole) diisopropylaminein 10 ml. THF was added dropwise over two minutes while maintaining theinternal temperature below -65° C. Then a solution of 1.93 ml. (19.8mmole) ethyl acetate in 5 ml. THF was added dropwise over 2 minutes atthe same temperature (<-65° C.). When the addition was complete, thereaction mixture was stirred at -78° C. for 0.25 hour. To this was added7.14 g. (15.2 mmole)dl-6-benzyloxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3aS*,4-dihydro(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline-1,5-dione,Diastereomer A, M.P. 122°-125° C. provided in Example 7, dissolved in 80ml. THF. This addition was also carried out below -65° C. The reactionmixture was stirred for 0.3 hour, then 1.13 ml. (19.8 mmole) acetic acidwas added, followed by 75 ml. water. The organic solvents wereevaporated in vacuo at room temperature, the aqueous residue dilutedwith 500 ml. ethyl ether and 100 ml. water, the mixture shaken and thelayers separated. The ether layer was washed (150 ml. each) with 0.5Nhydrochloric acid, sodium bicarbonate solution, brine, dried (MgSO₄) andthe ether evaporated in vacuo to afford 8.37 g. of product as acolorless solid. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 0.79-1.43 (m, 6H,methyls), 1.47-2.33 (m, 7H), 2.37-2.97 (m 6H), 6.5 (d, 1H, J=14 Hz),3.77-4.63 (m, 4H), 4.70 (s, broad, OH), 5.13 (s, broad, 2H), 6.4 (d, 1H,J= 2 Hz), 7.00-7.67 (m, 10H, phenyls), 8.27 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

EXAMPLE 10dl-5,6-Dihydroxy-5-Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3aS*,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1-one(Diastereomer A)

The benzyl ether obtained in the previous Example, (8.27 g., 14.85mmole) was dissolved in 500 ml. ethanol, 6 g. palladium/carbon (5%) wasadded and the mixture was hydrogenated at 40-50 psi (2.8-3.5 kg./cm.²)for 0.66 hour. The catalyst was removed by filtration, and the filtratewas evaporated in vacuo. The residue was taken up in methylene chloride,filtered, and evaporated in vacuo to afford 6.59 g. colorless foam(95%).

¹ N-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.10-1.45 (m, 6H, methyls), 1.48-2.25 (m,7H), 2.26-2.97 (m, 6H), 3.22 (d, 1H, J=14 Hz), 3.75-4.63 (m, 4H), 5.4(s, broad, OH), 6.25 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.0-7.42 (m, 5H), 7.93 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 8.83 (s, broad, OH).

EXAMPLE 11dl-6-Acetoxy-5-Ethoxycarbonylmethylene-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3aS*,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1-one(Diastereomer A)

The product obtained in the previous Example, 6.49 g. (13.90 mmole) wasdissolved in 350 ml. methylene chloride, 30 ml. (21.5 mmole)triethylamine and 4.3 ml. (45 mmole) acetic anhydride were added and themixture stirred at room temperature for 0.75 hours. Aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution, 50 ml., was added and the organic solvent wasevaporated in vacuo. The aqueous residue was shaken with 700 ml. ethylether, the extract washed with 400 ml. water, 200 ml. 0.5N hydrochloricacid, 400 ml. brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.Evaporation of the ether, in vacuo at room temperature, gave an opaqueoil. This was taken up in hot methanol (˜65 ml.), upon cooling acolorless solid precipitated, 5.59 g., M.P. 98°-102° C.

¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.03-1.47 (m, 6H), 1.49-2.12 (m, 6H),2.17-2.32 (m, 4H), 2.33-2.87 (m, 6H), 3.63-4.70 (m, 4H), 6.27-6.50 (m,2H), 6.97-7.53 (m, 5H), 8.40 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

EXAMPLE 12dl-6-Acetoxy-5-Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3,3aS*,4,5-tetrahydro-(2H)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1-one(Diastereomer A)

The olefin obtained in the previous Example, 3.50 g. (7.13 mmole), wasdissolved in 250 ml. ethyl acetate, 3.50 g. 5% Pd/C catalyst was addedand the mixture was hydrogenated at 40-50 psi (2.8-3.5 kg./cm²) for fourhours. The catalyst was removed by filtration, washing with 3×80 ml.ethyl acetate. The combined filtrate and washings were evaporated invacuo, the residual oil dissolved in 135 ml. boiling methanol and theresulting solution allowed to cool. Upon filtration, 2.32 g. of product,M.P. 94°-96° C. was obtained. The mother liquor was concentrated invacuo to an oil, and the oil triturated with ethyl ether to provide asecond crop, 0.28 g., M.P. 94°-96° C.

¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.025-1.308 (m, 6H), 1.325-1.858 (m, 6H),2.075-2.342 (m, 4H), 2.350-2.733 (m, 5H), 3.062 (q, 2H, J=3, 14 Hz),3.250-3.375 (m, 1H), 3.533-3.850 (m, 1H), 4.235 (q, 2H, J=6, 6 Hz),4.267-4.442 (m, 1H), 6.39 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.067-7.500 (m, 5H), 8.008(d, 1H, J=2 Hz). Infrared (KBr) cm⁻¹ : 2900, 1830, 1760, 1690. Highresonance mass spectrum:

Calculated for C₂₉ H₃₅ O₆ N: 493.2464. Found: 493.2445.

Analysis Calculated for C₂₉ H₃₅ O₆ N: C, 70.56; H, 7.15; N, 2.84. Found:C, 70.30; N, 6.94; N, 2.68.

EXAMPLE 13dl-6-Acetoxy-5-Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3,3aR*,4,5-tetrahydro-(2H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1-one(Diastereomer B)

When the procedure of Example 9 is carried out, but starting withDiastereomer B ofdl-6-benzyloxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3a,4-dihydro-(2H,3H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1,5-dione,provided in Example 8, in place of the Diastereomer A, the correspondingproduct is obtained in like manner. This product is carried, in turn,through the procedures of Example 10, 11 and 12, but with the followingmodifications, to provide the title compound:

In the procedure of Example 10, the debenzylation was carried out with250 ml. ethyl acetate instead of 500 ml. ethanol. The product obtainedwas a solid, M.P. 123°-125° C.

In the procedure of Example 11, the product obtained was a solid, M.P.80.5°-83.5° C.

In the procedure of Example 12, the product obtained was a milky oil.

The overall yield was 78%.

EXAMPLE 14dl-6-Acetoxy-5-(2-Acetoxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aS*,4,5-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolineHydrochloride (Diastereomer A)

Under anhydrous conditions and a nitrogen atomosphere, 2.235 g. (4.53mmole)dl-6-acetoxy-5-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-3,3aS*,4,5-tetrahydro-(2H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-1-one(Diastereomer A), provided in Example 12, was dissolved in 100 ml.anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, 0.688 g. (18.13 mmole) lithium aluminumhydride was added and the mixture refluxed for two hours. The mixturewas cooled to -6° C. and 20 ml. 10% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxidewas added dropwise over 10 minutes at such a rate that the temperaturedid not exceed 0° C. The resulting mixture was filtered, washing with5×200 ml. ethyl acetate. The filtrate and washings were combined andwashed with 500 ml. brine, dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated invacuo to afford 1.87 g. of off-white foam. The foam was dissolved in 20ml. methylene chloride, 2 ml. (21.1 mmole) acetic anhydride and 4 ml.(28.6 mmole) triethylamine were added and the mixture stirred overnightat ambient temperature. After addition of 600 ml. ethyl ether, thelayers were separated, the ether phase was washed with 250 ml. brine,dried (MgSO₄) and the ether evaporated in vacuo to yield 2 g. of lightgreen oil. Column chromatography on 110 g. silica gel (48-63 microns),eluting with two liters of 95:5 toluene/ethyl ether afforded 1.65 g. ofproduct as the free base (oil). The free base was dissolved in 250 ml.ethyl ether and 20 ml. of hydrogen chloride saturated ethyl ether wasadded. The precipitated solid was collected by decantation of ether,washing with 2×25 ml. of the same solvent. Residual solvent was removedin vacuo to afford a clear glassy solid.

¹ H-NMR (free base) (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.27 (d, 3H), 1.38-3.54 (m,18H), 2.03 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 3.88-4.40 (m, 3H), 5.92 (s, 2H),6.92-7.64 (m, 5H). Infrared (CHCl₃) microns: 3.45, 5.65, 5.75. Highresonance mass spectrum (M⁺):

Calculated for C₂₉ H₃₇ O₅ N: 479.2738. Found: 479.2705.

Analysis Calculated for C₂₉ H₃₇ O₅ N.HCl: C, 67.57; H, 7.38; N, 2.72.Found: C, 67.84; H, 7.42; N, 2.80.

Diastereomer B of the title compound was obtained by the same procedureand in the same yield as above, but employing as starting material theproduct obtained in Example 13.

EXAMPLE 15 Mixed Diastereomers ofdl-7-Acetoxy-(2-Acetoxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-(1H)-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineHydrochloride

When the procedures of Examples 8 through 12 are repeated in turn, butstarting with the mixture of diastereomers of4a,5-dihydro-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-(2H,3H,4H)-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline-1,6-dionein the procedure of Example 8, the title compound is obtained in likemanner as a mixture of diastereomers.

EXAMPLE 16 Methyl dl-2-[1-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]Acetate

A. 2-Tetrahydrofurfuryl bromide

To 2-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (20.4 g.) and triphenylphosphine (58 g.)was added over 1.5 hours 32.5 g. N-bromosuccinimide. The reactionmixture was distilled at reduced pressure to afford 20 g. of product.Redistillation gave 15 g. pure bromide, B.P. 38°-40° C. (2 mm.).

B. 2-Cyanomethyltetrahydrofuran

To a solution of 1.3 g. (5 mmole) 18-crown-6 and 9.05 g. (0.05 mole)2-tetrahydrofurfuryl bromide in 80 ml. acetonitrile was added 16.25 g.(0.25 mole) potassium cyanide. The mixture was heated at 90° C. for 48hours, cooled, filtered, washing with ethyl ether and the filtrate andwashings evaporated in vacuo without heating. The residue was distilledto afford 4.25 g. (77%) of product, B.P. 50° C. (2 mm.). ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃)ppm (delta): 2.60 (d, 2H, CH₂ CN).

C. 2-(Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)acetic acid

A solution of 90 g. (0.81 mole) 2-cyanomethyltetrahydrofuran, 130 g.(3.2 mole) sodium hydroxide, 250 ml. methanol and 300 ml. water washeated at reflux for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated invacuo, the residue taken up in chloroform and acidified to pH 5 with 6Nhydrochloric acid. The organic layer was separated, the aqueous phaseextracted with chloroform, the combined extracts dried (MgSO₄) and thesolvent evaporated to give 62 g. of crude acid. Distillation afforded52.6 g. of product, B.P. 110° C. (2 mm.). ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta):2.50 (d, 2H, CH₂ COOH), 11.10 (s, 1H, COOH).

D. Methyl 3,6-dibromocaproate

To 800 ml. glacial acetic acid saturated with anhydrous hydrogen bromidewas added 56 g. 2-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)acetic acid in one portion andthe mixture heated at 100° C. for 60 hours. The volatiles wereevaporated, the residue taken up in ethyl ether and washed with water.The ether layer was dried (MgSO₄) and solvent evaporated to afford 120g. of crude 3,6-dibromocaproic acid. Distillation gave 115 g. ofproduct, B.P. 116°-124° C. (2 mm.). ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 3.00(d, 2H, CH₂ COOH), 3.40 (m, 2H), 4.30 (m, 1H).

Esterification in refluxing methanolic hydrogen chloride gave 118 g. ofmethyl ester. ¹ H-HMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 2.90 (d, 2H), 3.45 (m, 2H),3.70 (s, 3H), 4.30 (m, 1H).

E. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of 52 g. (0.340 mole)3,5-dimethoxyaniline, 108.8 g. (0.378 mole)methyl-dl-3,6-dibromocaproate, 60 ml. pyridine and 160 ml.tetrahydrofuran were stirred at room temperature overnight. Thetetrahydrofuran was distilled off at atmospheric pressure and theremaining mixture heated at 100° C. for 2.5 hours. Additional methyldl-3,6-dibromocaproate (5.7 g.) and pyridine (3.16 ml.) was added andheating at 100° C. resumed for an additional 2.5 hours. The pyridine wasevaporated in vacuo, the residue partitioned between water and methylenechloride, the aqueous phase extracted with 4×150 ml. methylene chlorideand the combined organic layers washed with 75 ml. 1N hydrochloric acid,75 ml. water and 75 ml. brine. The washed extracts were dried (MgSO₄)and solvent evaporated to afford 57.5 g. of orange solid.

The aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 9 with 6N sodium hydroxide,extracted with 4×100 ml. methylene chloride, the extracts washed withwater, brine, dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated in vacuo to afford 16.7 g. ofresidual oil. The orange solid was placed on a silica gel column andeluted with methylene chloride/ethyl acetate.

The product fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to afford53.6 g. (56%) of product. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 3.70 (s, 3H,--COOCH₃), 3.78 (s, 6H, OCH₃), 5.80 (s, 3H, aromatic).

EXAMPLE 17 dl-2-[1-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetic Acid

A mixture of 53.6 g. (0.192 mole) methyldl-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetate, 250 ml. methanoland 22.8 g. (0.57 mole) sodium hydroxide in 200 ml. water was stirred atroom temperature for 2.5 hours. The methanol was evaporated and theaqueous residue cooled in ice. To this was added dropwise 48 ml.concentrated hydrochloric acid, the mixture extracted with 4×150 ml.methylene chloride, the extract washed with water, dried (MgSO₄) and thesolvent evaporated to afford 48.9 g. (96%) of product. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃)ppm (delta): 3.80 (s, 6H, OCH₃), 4.10 (m, 1H, N-CH), 5.82 (s, 3H,aromatic), 11.0 (s, 1H, COOH). Mass spectrum (m/e): 206 (base peak), 265(M⁺).

EXAMPLE 18 Resolution via alpha-Methylbenzylamine Salt

A. Dextrorotatory salt

A mixture of 52.3 g. (0.197 mole)dl-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetic acid and 370 ml.ethyl acetate was heated to affect solution, 24.4 g. (0.201 moles)d-(+)-alpha-methylbenzylamine was added. The mixture was stirred for 10minutes, then allowed to stand at room temperature for three hours toinitiate crystallization. Then 370 ml. ethyl ether was added and theresulting mixture refrigerated overnight. Filtration and washing withcold ether gave 72.2 g. of solids. Evaporation of the mother liquorsafforded an additional 4.7 g. of brown solid.

To the first crop (72.2 g.) was added 1440 ml. ethyl acetate and themixture heated until a solution was obtained. The solution was allowedto stand overnight at room temperature, filtered, the crystals washeedwith cold ether and dried in vacuo to afford 40.9 g., M.P. 129°-130° C.,[alpha]_(D) +13.5°. After two recrystallizations from ethyl acetate, 9.7g. of pure salt was obtained, M.P. 141°-142° C., [alpha]_(D) +32°.

B. Levorotatory salt

The mother liquors from above were acidified with 167 ml. 1Nhydrochloric acid, extracted with 5×125 ml. ethyl acetate, the extractscombined, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated toobtain 49 g. of residue. This was dissolved in 350 ml. warm ethylacetate, 22.4 g. l-(-)-alpha-methylbenzylamine added and the solutioncooled to room temperature. Ethyl ether, 350 ml. was added and themixture refrigerated overnight. The precipitated solid was collected byfiltration, washed with cold ether and dried in vacuo to obtain 44.0 g.of salt. This was dissolved in 880 ml. ethyl acetate and set aside atroom temperature for six hours. Filtration gave 12.4 g., M.P. 139°-140°C. After standing overnight, the mother liquor afforded a second crop,11.66 g., M.P. 139°-140° C. The optical rotation (in chloroform) for thefirst crop was [alpha]_(D) -30.9°, and [alpha]_(D) -26.6° for the secondcrop.

The two crops were combined and recrystallized from 480 ml. ethylacetate to afford 18.0 g. of salt, M.P. 141°-142° C., [alpha]_(D)-34.4°.

EXAMPLE 19

A. d-(+)-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]-acetic acid

The dextrorotatory salt, obtained in the previous Example, 22.0 g., wasrecrystallized from ethyl acetate (440 ml.) to obtain 17.5 g. of salt,M.P. 142°-143° C., [alpha]_(D) +33.8°. This was treated with 47 ml. 1Nhydrochloric acid, extracted with 4×100 ml. ethyl acetate, and theextracts washed with brine and dried over magnesium sulfate. Evaporationof solvent in vacuo gave 12.9 g. of d-(+)-acid as a green oil. A portionwas decolorized by passing it through a short column of silica gel,[alpha]_(D) +31.4°.

B. l-(-)-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]-acetic acid

To 18.0 g. of the levorotatory salt obtained in the previous Example,was added 46.5 ml. 1N hydrochloric acid and the resulting mixture workedup as in Part A, above, to obtain 13.2 g. of product [alpha]_(D) -36.4°.

EXAMPLE 20 dl-, d-(+)- andl-(-)-6,8-Dimethoxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one

A. Dextrorotatory isomers

A mixture of 13.2 g. (46.5 mmole)l-(-)-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetic acid, 6.5 g.sodium acetate, 100 ml. acetic acid and 100 ml. acetic anhydride washeated on the steam bath for 35 minutes. The volatiles were evaporatedin vacuo, the residue mixed with methylene chloride, and the organiclayer separated. After washing the organic phase with sodium bicarbonatesolution (3×50 ml.), drying (MgSO₄) and evaporation of solvent, 11.2 g.(91%) of crude product was obtained. A 300 mg. portion was crystallizedfrom methylene chloride/hexane, m.p. 126°-127° C., [alpha]_(D) +141°(c=1, CHCl₃). Mass spectrum (m/e): 247M⁺.

B. Levorotatory isomers

A mixture of 12.9 g. (48.6 mole)d-(+)-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetic acid, 6.4 g.sodium acetate and 50 ml. each of acetic acid and acetic anhydride gave11.2 g. of crude product by the above procedure. Recrystallization of aportion from methylene chloride gave purified isomer, m.p. 129°-130° C.,[alpha]_(D) -146.2° (c=1, CHCl₃).

Racemate

By the same procedure,dl-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetic acid is converted todl-6,8-dimethoxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one.

EXAMPLE 21 dl-, d-(+)- andl-(-)-6,8-Dihydroxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one

A. Dextrorotatory isomer

A mixture of 11.2 g. (45.3 mmole)d-(+)-6,8-dimethoxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-oneand 100 ml. each of acetic acid and 48% hydrobromic acid was heatedunder a nitrogen atmosphere at 67° C. for 2.5 hours. The reactionmixture was concentrated by vacuo, the residue mixed with water andadjusted to pH 7.0 with sodium bicarbonate solution. The neutral mixturewas extracted with 6×100 ml. ethyl acetate, the combined extracts washedwith brine, dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo to afford9.0 g. (91%) of product as a yellow solid. A 100 mg. sample wascrystallized from chloroform, m.p. 202°-203° C., [alpha]_(D) +109° (c=1,CHCl₃). Mass spectrum (m/e): 218 (base peak), 219 (M⁺).

B. Levorotatory isomer

By the same procedure 10.2 g.l-(-)-6,8-dimethoxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-oneand 50 ml. each of acetic acid and 48% hydrobromic acid afforded 9.2 g.of product, m.p. 190°-192° C., [alpha]_(D) -91.4° (c=1, CHCl₃).

Racemate

By the same proceduredl-6,8-dimethoxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one isconverted todl-6,8-dihydroxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one.

EXAMPLE 21C6-Hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-2,3,3aS,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one

A mixture of 7.4 g. (33.8 mmole)d-(+)-6,8-dihydroxy-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one,9.55 g. (69.2 mmole) powdered potassium carbonate and 37 ml.dimethylformamide was heated to 80° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere,8.391 g. (34.6 mmole) 5-phenyl-2S-pentyl mesylate is added and heatingat 80° C. continued for 90 minutes. The dimethylformamide was evaporatedin vacuo, the residue extracted with 5×50 ml. methylene chloride and thecombined extracts washed with water, brine, and dried (MgSO₄).Evaporation of solvent in vacuo afforded 13.7 g. of crude product whichwas purified on a column of silica gel, eluting with a mixture of equalvolumes of methylene chloride and hexane and methylene chloride/ethylacetate. The product fractions were combined and evaporated to provide8.52 g. of the desired product. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.30 (d,3H), 5.35 (m, 1H), 5.65 (m, 1 H), 7.1 (s, 5H), 12.7 (s, 1H, OH).

By the above method the appropriate racemic or optically activedihydroxy compound of the preceding Example is reacted with theappropriate racemic or optically active 5-phenyl-2-pentyl mesylate toproduce:

2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one,as a mixture of two racemates;

2,3,3aR,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one;

2,3,3aR,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy)-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one;and

2,3,3aS,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy)-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one.

EXAMPLE 21D6-Acetoxy-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-2,3,3aS,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one

A mixture of 3.138 g. (8.6 mmole) of the 6-hydroxy compound obtained inthe preceding Example, 30 ml. pyridine and 9 ml. acetic anhydride washeated, under nitrogen, at 80° C. overnight. The pyridine was removed byevaporation in vacuo, the residue taken up in methylene chloride, washedwith water and dried (MgSO₄). Evaporation of solvent afforded a residualoil which was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column, elutingwith methylene chloride. The product-containing fractions were combinedand the solvent evaporated in vacuo to provide 2.193 g. of the desiredproduct. Reaction of the combined less polar fractions (1.11 g.) withfresh acetic anhydride by the above procedure and work-up as above gavean additional 1.105 g. of product. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.30 (d,3H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 5.80 (s, 2H, aromatic), 7.20 (s, 5H, phenyl).

EXAMPLE 21E6-Hydroxy-5-Carboxymethylene-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-2,3,3aS,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolineLactone

Under a nitrogen atmosphere and anhydrous conditions 70 ml. drytetrahydrofuran was cooled to -5° C. and 1.490 g. (14.76 mmole)diisopropylamine was added followed by dropwise addition of 9.22 ml.(14.76 mmole) n-butyllithium in hexane while keeping the mixture below0° C. After the addition was completed, the mixture was stirred at -5°C. for 30 minutes and cooled to -67° C. Ethyl acetate (648 mg., 7.36mmole) was added dropwise while keeping the reaction mixture below -67°C. After the addition, the resulting mixture was stirred for -67° C. forone hour. To this was added 1.989 g. (4.9 mmole) of the 6-acetoxycompound, obtained in the preceding Example, dissolved in 10 ml.tetrahydrofuran and the resulting mixture stirred at -74° C. for 3.5hours. Acetic acid was added to adjust the mixture to pH 5.5. Afterallowing to warm to room temperature, the mixture was extracted withmethylene chloride, the combined extracts washed with water, dried(MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated at reduced pressure. The residual oilwas chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with methylenechloride/hexane and finally with ethyl acetate. Product fractions werecombined and evaporated to dryness to yield 1.13 g. of the titlelactone. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.30 (d, 3H), 5.70 (m, 2H,aromatic), 6.05 (m, 1H, olefin), 7.10 (s, 5H, phenyl).

Acetylation of one of the remaining 6-hydroxy compounds provided inExample 21C by the procedure of Example 21D and reaction of the6-acetoxy compound by the above method likewise produces compounds ofthe formula below ##STR27## where the absolute or relativestereochemistry at position 3a and at the carbon bearing R₁₃ and R₁₄ is

    ______________________________________                                                3a  CR.sub.13 R.sub.14                                                ______________________________________                                                R   R                                                                         R   S                                                                         S   S                                                                 ______________________________________                                    

and as a mixture of two racemates.

EXAMPLE 21F2-[6-Hydroxy-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aS,4,5R-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-yl]aceticAcid Lactone

A solution of 1.157 g. (2.98 mmole) of the unsaturated lactone obtainedin the previous Example in 100 ml. methanol was heated to 50° C., and 15ml. 5N sodium hydroxide and 1.41 g. of Raney alloy was added, the latterbeing added in portions over about five minutes. The mixture was thenstirred at 55° C. for 3.5 hours, filtered to remove the Raney alloy, thecake washed with methanol and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. To theresidue, 75 ml. 1N hydrochloric acid was added, the precipitated solidwas extracted with ethyl acetate, the extracts dried (MgSO₄) andevaporated to obtain 622 mg. of crude product as an oil. The oil waspurified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with methylenechloride (15 fractions), ethyl acetate (3 fractions) and stripping thecolumn with methanol, the product containing fraction combined(fractions 2-10) and evaporated in vacuo to provide 322 mg. of thedesired lactone. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.30 (d, 3H), 4.15 (m,1H), 5.57-5.93 (m, 2H), 7.08 (s, 5H).

By reduction of the appropriate racemic or optically active unsaturatedlactone provided in the previous Example by the above procedure, thefollowing saturated lactones are obtained: ##STR28## where the absoluteor relative stereochemistry at position 3a and at the carbon atombearing R₁₃ and R₁₄ is as a mixture of two racemates or as shown below.

    ______________________________________                                                3a  CR.sub.13 R.sub.14                                                ______________________________________                                                R   R                                                                         R   S                                                                         S   S                                                                 ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 21G6-Hydroxy-5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aS*,4,5R*-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline

A mixture of 10 ml. dry tetrahydrofuran and 340 mg. (0.87 mmole) of thesaturated lactone obtained in the preceding Example was stirred toaffect solution, 33 mg. (0.87 mmole) lithium aluminum hydride added andthe mixture stirred at room temperature for two hours. The reaction wasquenched by addition of a few drops of water, the pH adjusted to 6.0with 1N hydrochloric acid and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate.The combined extracts were washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄) and thesolvent evaporated in vacuo to afford 344 mg. residual oil. The oil wasplaced on a silica gel column and eluted with methylene chloride/ethylacetate and stripped with methanol. Product fractions were combined andevaporated to dryness in vacuo to yield 323 mg. of an oil, [alpha]_(D)+46.5 (c=1, CHCl₃). ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.20 (d, 3H), 3.60 (t,2H, CH₂ OH), 4.10 (m, 1H), 5.65 (m, 2H), 7.10 (s, 5H).

Lithium aluminum hydride reduction of the remaining5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy-saturated lactones provided in the precedingExample similarly provides:

6-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3a,4,5R-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolineas a mixture of two racemates;

6-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2R-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aR*,4,5R*-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline;

6-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aR*,4,5R*-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline;and

6-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aS*,4,5R*-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline.

EXAMPLE 22 Methyl dl-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)piperidin-2-yl]acetate

A. 2-Cyanomethyltetrahydropyran

Repeating the procedure of Example 16, Part B, but employing2-chloromethyltetrahydropyran in place of 2-tetrahydrofurfuryl bromideand heating for 6 days gave a 52% yield of product, B.P. 65°-74° C. (3mm.). ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 2.50 (d, 2H, CH₂ CN).

B. 2-(Tetrahydropyran-2-yl)acetic acid

Alkaline hydrolysis of the above nitrile by the procedure of Example 16,Part C, gave the desired product, M.P. 46°-50° C. in 77% yield.

C. Methyl 3,5-dibromoheptanoate

Treatment of the above acid with HBr/acetic acid by the procedure ofExample 16, Part D gave a 94% yield of 3,7-dibromoheptanoic acid. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 2.90 (d, 2H), 4.30 (m, 1H), 11.30 (s, 1H).

The dibromo acid was esterified in methanol saturated with dry hydrogenchloride to give the desired methyl ester in 95% yield. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃)ppm (delta): 3.95 (d, 2H, CH₂ COOCH₃), 4.35 (m, 1H, 3-position), 4.75(s, 3H, COOCH₃).

D. By the procedure of Example 16, 23.7 g. (0.155 mole)3,5-dimethoxyaniline and 52.3 g. (0.173 mole) of methyl3,7-dibromoheptanoate, 26.9 g. pyridine and 80 ml. tetrahydrofuran (THF)were combined and stirred overnight at room temperature. The THF wasremoved by distillation at atmospheric pressure and an additional 5.8 g.3,7-dibromoheptanoate and 3.3 g. of pyridine were added. The mixture washeated at 100° C. for five hours, then concentrated in vacuo. Theresidue was dissolved in methylene chloride and worked up as describedin Example 16 to afford 38 g. of crude product. The crude material wastaken up in toluene and placed on a column of 400 g. of silica gel andeluted with ethyl acetate/methanol. Product fractions were combined andevaporated to dryness to give 14.6 g. of material: ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 2.58 (d, 2H, CH₂ CO₂ CH₃), 3.64 (s, 3H, CO₂ CH ₃), 3.78 (s, 6H,OCH₃), 4.30 (m, 1H, --NCH--CH₂ CO₂ CH₃), 6.2-5.8 (m, 3H, aromatic).

EXAMPLE 23 d-, l- and dl-2-[1-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)piperidin-2-yl]aceticAcid

A mixture of 14.5 g. (0.049 mole) methyldl-2-[1-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)piperidin-2-yl]acetate, 49 ml. 5N sodiumhydroxide and 100 ml. methanol was stirred at room temperatureovernight. Water, 250 ml. was added, the mixture acidified with 1Nhydrochloric acid to pH 5 and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extractswere combined, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated in vacuoto yield 12.2 g. (90%) of dl product as an oil. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 2.55 (d, 2H, CH₂ COOH), 3.80 (s, 6H), 6.30-5.80 (m, 3H), 11.0(s, 1H, COOH).

By the methods of Examples 18 and 19, the above acid is resolved intoits enantiomeric forms:

d-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)piperidin-2-yl]acetic acid; and

1-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)piperidin-2-yl]acetic acid.

EXAMPLE 24 d-, l- anddl-3,4,4a,5-tetrahydro-7,9-dimethoxy-1H,2H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolin-6-one

Under a nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of 12.1 g. (0.043 mole)dl-2-[1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)piperidin-2-yl]acetic acid, 100 ml. glacialacetic acid, 6.0 g. sodium acetate and 100 ml. acetic anhydride wasstirred at room temperature overnight. The acetic acid and aceticanhydride were removed by evaporation in vacuo, the residue partitionedbetween methylene chloride and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonatesolution, and the organic phase washed with sodium bicarbonate, water,brine and dried (MgSO₄). The extracts were evaporated to dryness to give13 g. of a green oil. The oil was purified by chromatography on a columncontaining 300 g. of silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate. Productfractions were combined and evaporated to afford 5.5 g. of the desireddl product, M.P. 91°-94° C. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 2.50 (m, 2H,CH₂ CO), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 5.90 (m, 2H). Afterrecrystallization from isopropyl ether, 2.6 g. of crystals wereobtained, M.P. 92°-93° C.

By the same method, the optically active acids of the preceding Exampleare converted to the corresponding d- and l-forms of the title product.

EXAMPLE 25dl-6-Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-6-hydroxy-7,9-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

To a solution of 5.05 g. (0.05 mole) diisopropylamine in 100 ml.tetrahydrofuran (THF) under a nitrogen atmsophere and anhydrousconditions at 0° C. was added dropwise 31.25 ml. (0.05 mole) 1.6Mn-butyllithium in hexane, the mixture stirred at 0° C. for 20 minutes,then cooled to -78° C. A solution of 4.4 g. (0.05 mole) ethyl acetate in20 ml. THF was added dropwise, the resulting mixture stirred at -78° C.for one hour, then a solution of 3.0 g. (0.0115 mole)dl-7,9-dimethoxy-6-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]quinoline in20 ml. THF was added dropwise over 30 minutes. The mixture was stirredfor 15 minutes after the addition was completed, quenched by addition of3.6 g. acetic acid at -78° C. and poured into water. Extraction withethyl ether and evaporation of solvent from the extracts gave 4.0 g. ofcrude product. This was purified by chromatography on 200 g. silica gel,eluting with ethyl ether afforded 3.0 g. of purified product. ¹ H-NMR(CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.35 (t, 3H), 4.20 (q, 2H), 4.70 (s, 1H, OH), 5.90(m, 2H, aromatic).

The less polar chromatography fractions were combined and evaporated todryness to give 600 mg. of olefinic material.

EXAMPLE 26 ##STR29##

To a suspension of 6 g. of florisil in 30 ml. benzene was added 3.0 g.ofdl-6-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-6-hydroxy-7,9-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]quinolineand the mixture was heated at reflux for two hours. Thin-layerchromatography of a sample on a silica gel plate, eluting with ethylether showed two spots, R_(f) 0.7 and 0.5, identical to the less polarfraction (600 mg.) obtained in the previous Example.

The above reaction mixture was filtered to remove florisil and thebenzene evaporated to give 2.6 g. of crude material which was combinedwith the less polar mixture (600 mg.) from the previous Example. Thecrude mixture (3.2 g.) was placed on a silica gel column and eluted withhexane/ethyl ether to afford 1.5 g. of LP product (R_(f) 0.7) withinfrared carbonyl band at 1715 cm⁻¹ and 1.5 g. of MP material (R_(f)0.5) with infrared carbonyl band at 1750 cm⁻¹.

The LP product was identified by its ¹ H-NMR spectrum asdl-6-ethoxycarbonylmethylene-7,9-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]quinoline.

The MP product was likewise identified asdl-6-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-7,9-dimethoxy-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-(1H)-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline.

EXAMPLE 27dl-6-Carboxymethyl-7,9-dimethoxy-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

In a flask equipped with magnetic stirrer, condenser and nitrogen inletwas placed 986 mg. (2.97 mole)dl-6-ethoxycarbonylmethylene-7,9-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]quinolineand 130 ml. absolute methanol. The mixture was warmed to 40° C., then 74ml. 1N sodium hydroxide was added dropwise, the temperature wasincreased to 45°-50° C. and 1.39 g. Raney alloy was added in portions.The resulting mixture was stirred 70 minutes, allowed to cool, filteredand the filtrate evaporated. The liquid residue was partitioned betweenwater and chloroform, acidified to pH 5 with 1N hydrochloric acid,shaken and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was reextracted withchloroform and the combined organic phase washed with brine and dried(MgSO₄). The solvent was evaporated to obtain 826 mg. of crude product.Mass spectrum (m/e): 305 (M⁺), 246 (M--CH₂ COOH).

Employing the corresponding d- and l-forms of3,4,4a,5-tetrahydro-7,9-dimethoxy-1H,2H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolin-6-oneprovided in Example 24, as starting material in the procedure of Example25 and carrying the product, thus obtained, through to procedures ofExamples 26 and 27 the following compounds are similarly obtained:

6-carboxymethyl-7,9-dimethoxy-2,3,4,4aR*,5,6S*-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineand

6-carboxymethyl-7,9-dimethoxy-2,3,4,4aS*,5,6S*-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline.

EXAMPLE 28 ##STR30##

In a flask fitted with magnetic stirrer and dry ice condenser was placed826 mg.dl-6-carboxymethyl-7,9-dimethoxy-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-(1H)-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline,50 ml. glacial acetic acid and 50 ml. 48% hydrobromic acid. The flaskwas heated at 100° C. for 24 hours and the reaction mixture evaporated.The residue was diluted with water, adjusted to pH 6-7 with 6N sodiumhydroxide, the mixture saturated with sodium chloride and extracted withethyl acetate. The extracts were dried (Na₂ SO₄) and solvent evaporatedin vacuo to provide the crude title compound as an oily foam, 702 mg.This was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel, elutingwith chloroform/ethyl ether. The product-containing fractions werecombined and evaporated to yield 390 mg. Mass spectrum (m/e): 259 (M⁺),¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1-4 (m, 15H, aliphatic and OH), 6.0 (m, 2H,aromatic).

EXAMPLE 29 Lactone ofdl-6-Carboxymethyl-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro[1H]pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline##STR31##

In a flame dried flask equipped with magnetic stirrer, condenser andnitrogen inlet capillary was placed a solution of 390 mg. (1.5 mmole)dl-6-carboxymethyl-7,9-dihydroxy-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro(1H)pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinelactone in 3 ml. dimethylformamide followed by 500 mg. (3.62 mmole)powdered potassium carbonate. The resulting mixture was heated at 70° C.for 30 minutes, a solution of 452 mg. (1.95 mmole)dl-5-phenyl-2-methylsulfonyloxypentane in 2 ml. dimethylformamide wasadded and the mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3.5 hours. An additional135 mg. of dl-5-phenyl-2-methylsulfonyloxypentane in one ml. DMF wasadded and heating at 80° C. continued for a further 1.8 hours. Thereaction mixture was allowed to cool and stirred at room temperatureovernight. The mixture was again heated to 80° C., 250 mg. of potassiumcarbonate (powder) was added, and the mixture held at 80° C. for 4hours. Another increment (135 mg.) ofdl-5-phenyl-2-methylsulfonyloxypentane in 1 ml. DMF was added, heatingcontinued for one hour and the mixture again stirred overnight at roomtemperature. The mixture was combined with water, extracted with ethylacetate and the combined extracts washed with water, brine and dried(MgSO₄). Evaporation of solvent in vacuo afforded a brown oil which waspurified by chromatography on a silica gel column (50 g., 70-230 mesh)packed with chloroform and eluted with the same solvent. Theproduct-containing fractions were combined and rechromatographed,eluting with isopropyl ether/hexane, 2:1 to provide 263 mg. of thedesired product. The ¹ H-NMR spectrum was consistent with the structureof the title compound: 1.30 (d, 3H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 5.95-6.25 (m, 2H,aromatic), 7.20 (s, 2H, phenyl), peaks, ppm (delta).

EXAMPLE 30dl-6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro(1H)pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineand Diacetate

A. Under a nitrogen atmosphere and anhydrous conditions, to a solutionof 263 mg. (0.65 mmole) the lactone ofdl-6-carboxymethyl-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro(1H)pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 20 ml. tetrahydrofuran (THF) was added in portions over threeminutes, 25 mg. (0.66 mmole) lithium aluminum hydride. The resultingmixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The reaction wasquenched by addition of water, the pH adjusted to 6.0 with 1Nhydrochloric acid and the mixture partitioned between water and ethylacetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried(MgSO₄) and evaporated to dryness to provide 275 mg. of the desireddihydroxy compound as an oil.

B. The product of Part A, 266 mg. (0.65 mmole) was dissolved in 10 ml.methylene chloride and 1.8 ml. pyridine. To this was added 0.6 ml.acetic anhydride and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen at roomtemperature for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated invacuo, the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with water, brineand dried (MgSO₄). Evaporation of solvent gave 317 mg. of crude product.This was purified by chromatography on 50 g. silica gel (70-230 mesh),eluting with chloroform. Fractions 3-8 were combined and evaporated todryness to yield 215 mg. of the purified diacetate. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 1.30 (d, 3H), 2.05 (s, 3H, acetate), 2.30 (s, 3H, phenolicacetate), 6.05 (d, 1H), 6.20 (broad singlet, 1H), 7.20 (s, 5H); massspectrum (m/e): 493 (M⁺), 406 (M--CH₂ CH.sub. 2 OCOCH₃).

C. To 10 ml. methanol was added 0.79 ml. 1N sodium hydroxide solutionand 187 mg. (0.38 mmole) of the diacetate obtained in Part B, above. Thereaction mixture was stirred under nitrogen, in the dark for two hours.The mixture was neutralized with 1N hydrochloric acid, evaporated todryness, the residue taken up in ethyl ether, washed with water anddried (MgSO₄). Evaporation of ether gave 148 mg. of dihydroxy compound.Mass spectrum (m/e): 409 (M⁺), 364 (M--CH₂ CH₂ OH). ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 1.30 (d, 3H), 5.90 (s, 2H, aromatic), 7.20 (s, 5H, phenyl).

EXAMPLE 31 3,5-Dimethoxy-beta-Nitrostyrene

A solution of 34.5 g. (0.208 mole) 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 12.68g. (0.208 mole) nitromethane in 40 ml. methanol was cooled to 0° C.under a nitrogen atmosphere. To this was added dropwise a cold solutionof 8.43 g. (0.211 mole) sodium hydroxide in 30 ml. water and stirringcontinued at 0° C. for 15 minutes after the addition was completed. Themixture was diluted with ice-water and added slowly to a solution of 40ml. concentrated hydrochloric acid in 60 ml. water. The precipitatedproduct (44 g.) was collected by filtration and recrystallized frommethanol to give 28.6 g., M.P. 132° C. J. Org. Chem., 27, 376 (1976)reported M.P. 133.5°-134.5° C.

EXAMPLE 32 4-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-Nitrocyclohexene

A stainless steel pressure vessel was charged with 28.6 g. (0.137 mole)3,5-dimethoxy-beta-nitrostyrene, 20 g. (0.378 mole) butadiene, 40 ml.toluene and a few crystals of hydroquinone. The vessel was cooled to-78° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere and sealed. The sealed vessel washeated at 100° C. for 48 hours, cooled and the reaction mixtureconcentrated under nitrogen. The residual solid was crystallized frommethanol to afford 29.8 g. of title compound, M.P. 80.5°-82° C. J. Org.Chem., 27, 376 (1962) reported M.P. 73°-75° C. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta): 3.75 (s, 6H, OCH₃), 4.95 (m, 1H, CHNO₂), 5.75 (s, 2H, olefin),6.40 (s, 3H, aromatic).

EXAMPLE 33 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-Cyclohexen-1-one

This product was obtained from 28.7 g. (0.109 mole)4-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-nitrocyclohexene in the Nef reaction using theprocedure of Wildman, J. Org. Chem., 17, 588 (1952) for preparing6-phenyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ones. After recrystallization of the crudeproduct from isopropanol/ethyl ether, 23.6 g. of the title compound wasobtained, M.P. 60°-62° C., lit. [J. Org. Chem. 27, 376 (1962)], M.P.65.5°-66.6° C.

EXAMPLE 34 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)Cyclohexanone

A mixture of 23.6 g. 2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-cyclohexen-1-one, 300 ml.ethanol and 3 g. 10% Pd/C catalyst was hydrogenated at 40 psi (2.8kg./cm.²). After hydrogen uptake ceased, the mixture was filtered, thefiltrate evaporated in vacuo and the residue recrystallized fromisopropyl ether to obtain 17 g. of product, M.P. 61°-62° C., lit. [J.Org. Chem., 27, 376 (1962)], M.P. 62.5°-63° C.

EXAMPLE 352-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(Methoxycarbonylmethylene)Cyclohexane

To a suspension of 3.9 g. (0.081 mole) 50% sodium hydride in 500 ml.anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) was added dropwise at room temperature asolution of 16.2 g. (0.089 mole) trimethylphosphonoacetate in 50 ml. THFand the mixture stirred for 15 minutes. A solution of 17.4 g. (0.074mole) 2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)cyclohexanone in 100 ml. THF was added inportions after which the mixture was heated at 70° C. for three hoursand cooled to 0° C. Glacial acetic acid, 5.4 g., was added and theresulting mixture diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate.The extracts were dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give 22 g. of crudeproduct which was crystallized from isopropyl ether; 20.4 g., M.P.80°-81° C. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 3.60 (s, 3H, COOCH₃), 3.80 (s,6H, OCH₃), 5.20 (s, 1H, olefin), 6.34 (s, 3H, aromatic). Mass spectrum,exact mass for C₁₇ H₂₄ O₄ : 292.3783. Found: 292.1658.

EXAMPLE 36 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(Carboxymethylene)Cyclohexane

To a solution of 20 g. of the above methyl ester in 100 ml. methanol, 50ml. water and 50 ml. tetrahydrofuran was added 42 ml. 5N sodiumhydroxide and the mixture heated on the steam-bath for three hours.After dilution with ice-water, 220 ml. 1N hydrochloric acid was added,the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate, the extracts dried (Na₂ SO₄)and evaporated in vacuo to give 20 g. of crude acid. Recrystallizationfrom methylene chloride/ethyl ether yielded 16.7 g. of product, M.P.154°-156° C. Mass spectrum, exact mass for C₁₆ H₂₂ O₄ : 278.3515. Found:278.1526.

¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 3.70 (s, 6H), 5.15 (s, 1H), 6.30 (s, 3H),10.90 (s, 1H, COOH).

EXAMPLE 37 dl-trans-2-[2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)cyclohexyl)]Acetic Acid

To a solution of 15 g. (0.054 mole)2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl-1-carboxymethylene-1-(carboxymethylene)cyclohexanein 200 ml. tetrahydrofuran and one liter of liquid ammonia at -33° C.was added 832 mg. (0.119 mole) lithium metal. After a blue color formedand persisted for two minutes, the reaction was quenched by addition of15 g. ammonium chloride. The ammonia was evaporated under a stream ofnitrogen. Water (200 ml.) was added and the solution acidified to pH 3.5with 6N hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted withmethylene chloride, the extracts dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give15 g. of crude product. This was triturated with hexane and filtered toafford 14.8 g. of product, M.P. 110°-111.5° C. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm(delta) 270 MHz: 1.90 (d, 1H, J=14.6 Hz), 2.16 (dd, 2H, J=14.7, 2.3),2.17 (td, 1H, J=11.3).

From the above NMR data the relative stereochemical structure below, wasassigned. ##STR32##

EXAMPLE 38dl-4a,10b-trans-7,9-Dimethoxy-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-Hexahydro-1H-Phenanthren-6-one

To a solution of 14.7 g. (0.052 mole)trans-2-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid, obtained above,in 28 ml. trifluoroacetic acid at 0° C. was added 20 ml. trifluoroaceticanhydride and the mixture stirred at 0° C. for 15 minutes. The volatileswere evaporated, the residue taken up in methylene chloride, washed inturn with water, sodium bicarbonate solution, brine and dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate. Evaporation of solvent gave 15.7 g. of crudeproduct which was recrystallized from ethyl ether to afford 12.5 g. oftitle compound, M.P. 110°-111° C. Mass spectrum, exact mass calculatedfor C₁₆ H₂₀ O₃ : 260.3358. Found: 260.1404.

EXAMPLE 39dl-4a,10b-trans-7,9-Dihydroxy-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthren-6-one

A solution of 12.3 g. (0.047 mole)dl-4a,10b-trans-7,9-dimethoxy-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrene-6-onein 220 ml. glacial acetic acid and 220 ml. 48% hydrobromic acid washeated under a nitrogen atmosphere for 36 hours at 100° C. The volatileswere evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue purified bychromatography on silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate to give 12 g.of product, M.P. 189°-200° C. Recrystallization from ethylacetate/chloroform gave 10 g. of pure product, M.P. 200°-201° C. ¹ H-NMR(CD₃ COCD₃) ppm (delta): 6.50-6.10 (m, 2H, aromatic), 13.0 (s, 1H, OH).Mass spectrum, exact mass calculated for C₁₄ H₁₆ O₃ : 232.2816. Found:232.1097.

EXAMPLE 40 ##STR33##

Employing one of the above 3-OR₁₅ -5-Z₁ -substituted benzaldehydes inplace of 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde in the procedure of Example 31 andcarrying the product in turn, through the procedures of Examples 32-39provides products of the above formula where R₁₅ is hydrogen, methyl,ethyl, isopropyl or n-butyl and Z₁ is as shown below.

    ______________________________________                                        Z.sub.1                                                                       ______________________________________                                        OCH.sub.3                                                                     OC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                              O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                    O(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                                    O(CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                    O(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                                    O(CH.sub.2).sub.11 CH.sub.3                                                   O(CH.sub.2).sub.12 CH.sub.3                                                   OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                        OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                        OCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                     CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                         CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                            C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                   C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                   C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                   CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                         CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                   CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.11 CH.sub.3                                           CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.3                             CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.3                      CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CH.sub.3               (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                           (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub. 2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                  (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                   CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                           (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                       CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                               CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                       CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CH.sub.3            (CH.sub.2).sub.4 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                   CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                       2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                    3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.5                                                    2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.6                                                    3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.8                                                    4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                        4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CH.sub.2                             4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                           4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                       2-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                          2-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2                                         3-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)O(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                       3-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4                      4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                       2-pyridyl(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O(CH.sub.2 ).sub.4                                  3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                  2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                      4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O                                                  4-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                              3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O                                                  3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.6 O                                                  2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.8 O                                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                      4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                          2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O                     C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3                                              C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2                                          4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                          4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                             4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                              4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.7                                           4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)                              2-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                      C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2                 C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                                 C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 OCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.8                                             4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                         4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 OCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2                                     4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                                     4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)                 4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                        4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                            4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 O                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.7 O                                            4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.8 O                                        4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH(CH.sub.3)O                             4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                 2-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O                                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                    C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.2                                    C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH(CH.sub.3)                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                            4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 OCH(CH.sub.3)                            4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                         4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)            4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 41dl-4a,10b-trans-7-Hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthren-6-one

A mixture of 9.9 g. (0.043 mole)dl-trans-7,9-dihydroxy-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthren-6-one,7.1 g. (0.103 mole) potassium carbonate and 120 ml. dimethylformamide(DMF) was heated at 70° C. for thirty minutes. A solution of 13.55 g.(0.056 mole) 2-methylsulfonyloxy-5-phenylpentane in 10 ml. DMF was addedin one portion and the mixture heated under nitrogen at 80° C.overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with ice-water, extractedwith ethyl acetate, the extracts dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated in vacuoto give 21 g. of crude product. Column chromatography on 750 g. silicagel, eluting first with chloroform/hexane, then chloroform alone andfinally with chloroform/ethyl ether, gave 14 g. of product as an oil. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.40 (d, 3H), 4.45 (m, 1H), 6.20-6.50 (m,2H), 7.30 (s, 5H), 13.10 (s, 1H).

EXAMPLE 42dl-4a,10b-trans-7-Benzyloxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthren-6-one

To a suspension of 720 mg. (0.015 mole) of a 50% oil dispersion ofsodium hydride in 25 ml. dimethylformamide (DMF) at 0° C. was addeddropwise a solution of 5.0 g. (0.013 mole)dl-trans-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrene-6-onein 15 ml. DMF and the mixture allowed to warm to room temperature. Tothis was added in one portion 2.56 g. (0.015 mole) benzyl bromide andthe mixture stirred under nitrogen for 18 hours at room temperature.Water was added to dilute the mixture, which was then extracted withethyl acetate. The extracts were dried (Na₂ SO₄) and solvent evaporatedto give 7 g. of crude product which was purified by chromatography onsilica gel, eluting with ethyl ether/hexane. Evaporation of theproduct-containing fractions gave 5.8 g. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta):1.10 (d, 3H), 5.10 (s, 2H), 6.23-6.54 (m, 2H), 6.95-7.70 (m, 10H).

EXAMPLE 43dl-4a,10b-trans-7-Benzyloxy-6-hydroxy-6-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrene

To a solution of 4.07 g. (0.0403 mole) diisopropylamine in 100 ml.tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 0° C. was added dropwise a solution of 16.8 ml.(0.0403 mole) 2.4M n-butyllithium in hexane and the mixture stirredunder a nitrogen atmosphere for one hour, then cooled to -78° C. Amixture of 3.55 g. (0.0403 mole) ethyl acetate in 10 ml. THF was addeddropwise, stirring continued for 30 minutes at -78° C., then 5.8 g.(0.0124 mole)dl-trans-7-benzyloxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrene-6-onedissolved in 20 ml. THF was added dropwise and the resulting mixturestirred for 10 minutes. Glacial acetic acid (2.5 g.) was added to quenchthe reaction, the mixture diluted with water and extracted with ethylacetate. The extracts were dried (Na₂ SO₄) and the solvent evaporated invacuo to give 6.9 g. of product which was used without furtherpurification. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 4.105 (q, 2H), 4.605 (s, 1H,OH), 5.055 (s, 2H, CH₂ C₆ H₅).

EXAMPLE 44dl-4a,10b-trans-7-Acetoxy-6-Ethoxycarbonylmethylene-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrene

A mixture of 6.9 g.dl-trans-7-benzyloxy-6-hydroxy-6-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrene,250 ml. ethanol and 3 g. 5% Pd/C catalyst was hydrogenated at 40 psi(2.8 kg./cm.²). Removal of catalyst by filtration and evaporation of thefiltrate gave 5.7 g. of residue. This was taken up in 100 ml. methylenechloride, 4.5 g. acetic anhydride and 8.0 g. triethylamine added and themixture allowed to stand overnight. The volatiles were evaporated invacuo, the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with water, dried(Na₂ SO₄) and the solvent evaporated to give 5.6 g. of product which wasused without purification.

EXAMPLE 45dl-4a,10b-trans-7-Hydroxy-6-Carboxymethylene-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrenelactone, ##STR34##

A. To a solution of 5.6 g. (0.011 mole)dl-trans-7-acetoxy-6-ethoxycarbonylmethylene-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrenein 75 ml. tetrahydrofuran and 25 ml. methanol was added 56 ml. 1N sodiumhydroxide and the mixture stirred at room temperature for one hour. Then56 ml. 1N hydrochloric acid was added, the mixture extracted with ethylacetate and the extracts dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.Evaporation of solvent gave 5 g. of crude product which was purified bychromatography on 400 g. silica gel eluting with ethyl ether/hexane.Fractions containing like product were combined and evaporated todryness to obtain 1.44 g. of a less polar product and 2.2 g. of the morepolar title compound. Infrared spectrum (CHCl₃): 1710 cm⁻¹. Massspectrum, exact mass, calculated for C₂₇ H₃₀ O₃ : 402.538. Found:402.218.

B. The less polar product was identified as the corresponding saturatedlactone. Infrared spectrum (CHCl₃): 1725 cm⁻¹. Mass spectrum, exactmass, calculated for C₂₇ H₃₂ O₃ : 404.554. Found: 404.239.

Alternatively, the saturated lactone is prepared from the6,8-dimethoxy-9-one compound provided in Example 38 by sequentialoperation of the procedures of Examples 25 through 29.

EXAMPLE 46dl-4a,10b-trans-7-Hydroxy-6-beta-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b-octahydrophenanthrene

A solution ofdl-4a,10b-trans-7-hydroxy-6-carboxymethylene-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,10b-hexahydro-1H-phenanthrenelactone (2.1 g., 5.2 mmole) in 100 ml. ethyl ether was added to 400 ml.liquid ammonia. Lithium metal (84 mg., 12 mmole) was added in portionsand the blue color allowed to persist for two minutes. The reaction wasquenched with 2.1 g. ammonium chloride, the ammonia evaporated under astream of nitrogen, the residue taken up in water, acidified to pH 3with 1N hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extractswere dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated in vacuo to give 2.1 g. of crudeproduct which was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting withisopropyl ether/hexane mixtures to afford 440 mg. of title compound. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 1.15 (d, 3H, CH₃), 3.80 (t, 2H, CH₂ OH), 4.25(m, 1H, OCH), 6.25-6.50 (m, 2H, aromatic), 7.20 (s, 5H, phenyl).

EXAMPLE 47 ##STR35##

A solution of 630 mg. (1.60 mmole) of the saturated lactone obtained inExample 45, Part B, in 20 ml. toluene was cooled to -78° C. and 1.6 ml.of 1N diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) in hexane was added. Theresulting mixture was stirred at -78° C. for 15 minutes, methanol addedto quench the reaction, the mixture poured into ethyl ether and washedwith 50% aqueous sodium potassium tartrate. The ether layer was dried(MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated to give 640 mg. of crude lactol whichwas used without further purification.

EXAMPLE 48 ##STR36##

To a solution of 640 mg. (1.6 mmole) of the lactol provided in thepreceding Example in 5 ml. each of pyridine and ethanol was added 135mg. (1.6 mmole) O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride and the mixturestirred at room temperature for ten minutes. The volatiles wereevaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in ethyl ether, washed withwater and the extracts dried (MgSO₄). Evaporation of ether afforded 650mg. of crude product which was purified by chromatography on 60 g. ofsilica gel, eluting with ethyl ether. The product-containing fractionswere combined and evaporated to dryness to give 590 mg. of the desiredmethoxyamine.

EXAMPLE 49dl-trans-4a,10b-6-(2-Aminoethyl)-7-Hydroxy-9-(5-Phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b-octahydrophenanthreneand N-Formyl Derivative

A. To a stirred suspension of 605 mg. (16 mmole) sodium borohydride in50 ml. tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise 1.82 g. (16 mmole)trifluoroacetic acid and the mixture stirred at room temperature forfive minutes. To this was added 590 mg. (16 mmole) of the methoxyamineobtained in the preceding Example. The mixture was heated at reflux forthree hours. The reaction was quenched by addition of ice and extractedwith methylene chloride. After drying the extracts over anhydrousmagnesium sulfate and evaporation of solvent, 600 mg. of the title aminocompound was obtained. B. The amino compound obtained above, 600 mg.,was mixed with 560 mg. of formic acetic anhydride in 20 ml. ethyl etherand the mixture stirred at room temperature for one hour. The solventwas evaporated and the residue purified by column chromatography on 60g. silica gel eluting with ethyl ether and ethyl acetate to give 260 mg.crude product. This was dissolved in methanol, 1 ml. 1N sodium hydroxideadded and the mixture stirred for one hour at 0° C.; 1 ml. 1Nhydrochloric acid added and the mixture evaporated to dryness andpartitioned between ethyl ether and water. Evaporation of the ether gave260 mg. of the N-formyl compound. ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) ppm (delta): 6.40 (m,3H, aromatics and NN), 7.10 (s, 5H, phenyl), 8.00 (broad singlet, 2H,COH and phenol); mass spectrum (m/e): 435 (M⁺), 363 (M--(CH₂)₂ NHCHO),217 (base peak).

EXAMPLE 50

Employing the products of Example 40 wherein R₁₅ is hydrogen as startingmaterial in the procedure of Example 42 and carrying the benzyloxyderivative thus obtained through the procedures of Examples 43, 44 and45, provides a mixture of saturated and unsaturated lactones of theformula below wherein the broken line is an optional double bond and Z₁is as defined in Example 40. The mixture is separated by columnchromatography on silica gel as described in Example 45. ##STR37##

EXAMPLE 51 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)cyclopentanone

The method is a modification of that employed by Arnold et al., J. Amer.Chem. Soc., 72, 3154 (1950), for preparation of 2-phenylcyclopentanone.

To an ice-cold stirred solution of 3,5-dimethoxyphenylmagnesium bromide,prepared from 25.5 g. of magnesium and 226 g. (1.04 mole) of3,5-dimethoxybromobenzene in 800 ml. dry ethyl ether, is added asolution of 118.5 g. 2-chlorocyclopentanone in 400 ml. dry ethyl ether.The ether is removed by distillation and is replaced by 200 ml. dryxylene. The resulting mixture is heated at 150°-170° C. for two hours,cooled, poured onto ice and diluted with 6N hydrochloric acid. Theacidified mixture is extracted with benzene. The organic phase waswashed with water and dilute sodium hydroxide solution, then dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvents were evaporated in vacuo and theproduct purified by distillation in vacuo.

EXAMPLE 52

Repeating the procedure of Example 35, but starting with2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)cyclopentanone in place of the cyclohexanonederivative used therein provides2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methoxycarbonylmethylene)-cyclopentane. Whenthis is carried in turn through the procedures of Examples 36-39,dl-3a,9b-trans-6,8-dihydroxy-2,3,3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-benz[e]inden-5-oneis obtained.

EXAMPLE 53

Starting withdl-3a,9b-trans-6,8-dihydroxy-2,3,3a,-4,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-benz[e]inden-5-oneprovided in Example 52 in the procedure of Example 41 and carrying theproduct thereof in turn through the procedures of Examples 42-45 andseparation of the saturated and unsaturated lactones as described in thelatter Example, provides the corresponding benz[e]indenes of the formula##STR38## where the broken line is an optional double bond and Z isOCH(CH₃)(CH₂)₃ C₆ H₅.

When the above is repeated, but the procedure of Example 41 is carriedout with the appropriate Z--SO₂ CH₃ in place of the2-methylsulfonyloxy-5-phenylpentane used therein, compounds of the aboveformula are provided wherein Z is as defined below.

    ______________________________________                                        Z                Z                                                            ______________________________________                                        O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                           2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                     O(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                           3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)O              O(CH.sub.2).sub.12 CH.sub.3                                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.6 O                                 ______________________________________                                    

or one of the values given in Example 40 for Z₁ where Z₁ is alkoxy,pyridylalkoxy or phenylalkoxy.

EXAMPLE 54 ##STR39##

A.dl-2-[1-[3-Methoxy-5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]-pyrrolidin-2-yl]aceticacid

A mixture of 24.9 g. (0.10 mole)3-methoxy-5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)aniline, 34.5 g. (0.12 mole) methyldl-3,6-dibromocaproate, 15 g. triethylamine and 100 ml. ethyl ether isstirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 20 hours. The ether isevaporated and the residue heated at 90°-120° C. for three hours.Additional methyl dl-3,6-dibromocaproate (5 g.) and triethylamine (5 g.)is added and heating continued at 90° C. for 2 hours and finally at 120°C. for one hour. The reaction mixture is worked up as described inExample 16 to provide the methyl ester of the desired product which ishydrolyzed in methanolic sodium hydroxide by the method of Example 17 toprovide the title acid.

B.dl-2-[1-[3-Methoxy-5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]-piperidin-2-yl]aceticacid (t=2)

Employing methyl dl-3,7-dibromoheptanoate in the above procedure inplace of methyl dl-3,6-dibromocaproate and hydrolysis of the methylester by the method of Example 23 affords the title compound.

C. In like manner the following compounds are obtained from theappropriate 3-methoxy-5-Z₁ -substituted anilines by the aboveprocedures. The latter starting anilines are provided in U.S. Pat. No.4,260,764. ##STR40## In the above formula t is 1 or 2, R₁₅ is (C₁ -C₄)alkyl or benzyl and Z₁ is as defined below.

    ______________________________________                                        Z.sub.1                                                                       ______________________________________                                        OCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                     OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                           O(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                                    O(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                          OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                        OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                        O(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                                    O(CH.sub.2).sub.12 CH.sub.3                                                   OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                        OC(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                  OCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                              (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                                     CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                   C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                   C(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                            C(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                            CH.sub.3 C(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                          CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                         CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                  CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.7 CH.sub.3                                         CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                         CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.10 CH.sub.3                                        CH(C.sub. 2 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                   C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.7 CH.sub.3                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.12 CH.sub.3                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.11 CH.sub.3                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                                     (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                                     CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                           CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                           CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                           (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.10 CH.sub.3                                  (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                           (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                         CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                               CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.7 CH.sub.3                               CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                               (CH.sub.2).sub.4 OCH.sub.3                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.4 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                   CH(CH.sub. 3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.3                                       CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                       CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2             CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                              (CH.sub.2).sub.7 OCH.sub.3                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.7 OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                          (CH.sub.2).sub.7 O(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.7 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                         (CH.sub.2).sub.6 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                         (CH.sub.2).sub.10 OCH.sub.3                                                   (CH.sub.2).sub.10 OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                         CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.8 OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                              C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                                          C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                       (CH.sub.2).sub.12 OCH.sub.3                                                   CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.11 CH.sub.3                                          2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                                    3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.6                                                    4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.7                                                    2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.8                                                    2-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2                                                3-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                        4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                           2-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3 )                          2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O                                                  3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O                                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.5 O                                                  2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.6 O                                                  3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.7 O                                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.8 O                                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                      2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)O                               2-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                          4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                  4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O                                      4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                      2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.2                                          2-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                          3-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                          2-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.5                                          2-pyridyl-CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.7                                          2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH(CH.sub.3)                                      2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH(CH.sub.3)                                      2-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 OCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                             3-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                  4-pyridyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)--O--CH.sub.2                          2-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)OCH.sub.2                                               2-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 OCH(CH.sub.3)                                  4-pyridyl-CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CH.sub.2 OCH(CH.sub.3)                           4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.5                              4-pyridyl-CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                 C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3                                              C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2                                          C.sub.6 H.sub.5 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                              C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4                                  C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)                     C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH(CH).sub.3        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                              C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CHCH.sub.3                                   C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.5                                              C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.6                                              C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CHCH.sub.3                                   C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                    C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 C(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 C(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                           4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3                                           2-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2                                      3-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.5                                          4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                             2-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                              4-FC.sub.6 H.sub. 4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                             4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2                         4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.8                                          4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.7                                          3-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.6                                           3-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH(CH.sub.3)                              4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)                              2-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)                              2-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                       C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 OCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)                                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 OCH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                          C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH((CH.sub.3)                               C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                         4-FC.sub.6 H(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)                                     2-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)                             2-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)                              4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                      3-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub. 2).sub.6 CH(CH.sub.3)                             4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)                  4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)CH(CH.sub.3)                  4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2             CH(CH.sub.3)                                                                  C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 O                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 O                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.8 O                                            4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 O                                         2-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                3-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O                                        4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                            2-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O       4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O                         4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O                             C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)O                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub. 6 CH(CH.sub.3)O                               C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.2                                    C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                                    4-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                                4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.6                                 2-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.6                         3-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)               4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.7 OCH.sub.2                                    C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)OCH.sub.2                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)O(CH.sub.2).sub.2                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)               ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 55 d- andl-6-Hydroxy-8-(1,1-Dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one

Thedl-2-[1-[3-methoxy-5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-phenyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]aceticacid provided in Example 54, Part A is resolved into dextrorotatory andlevorotatory isomers via the alpha-methylbenzylamine salt by the methodsof Examples 18 and 19. The resolved isomeric acids are then cyclized toprovide the d- and l-isomers of6-methoxy-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-one.Cleavage of the methyl ether with hydrobromic acid/acetic acid by theprocedure of Example 21 affords the title compounds.

EXAMPLE 56

The remaining N-phenylpyrrolidineacetic and N-phenylpiperidineaceticacid derivatives provided in Example 54 are resolved, if desired, by theprocedures of Examples 18 and 19, cyclized by the procedures of Examples20 and 24 and the hydroxyl protecting group, R₁₅, removed by theprocedure of Example 21, or by catalytic hydrogenation (when R₁₅ isbenzyl) to provide the corresponding compounds of the formula belowwhere Z₁ and t are as defined in Example 54. ##STR41##

EXAMPLE 57dl-6-Benzyloxy-5-cyanomethyl-5-hydroxy-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline

n-Butyl lithium, 0.68 ml. of 2.2M in hexane (1.48 mmole) is mixed with0.68 ml. tetrahydrofuran (THF) which had been distilled from sodiummetal. The resulting solution is cooled to -78° C. with stirring and0.077 ml. (1.48 mmole) of acetonitrile added. The resulting slurry isstirred for one hour at -78° C., then a solution of 616 mg. (1.48 mmole)of6-benzyloxy-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-onein 4 ml. of the same THF is added dropwise to the stirred suspension bya syringe. When the addition is completed, the resulting mixture isstirred for 5 minutes, allowed to warm to room temperature, stirred 10minutes and the reaction quenched by addition of 0.1 ml. of acetic acid.The mixture is diluted with ethyl ether, washed with saturated sodiumbicarbonate solution, water, dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent removed invacuo to provide the desired product.

EXAMPLE 58dl-6-Hydroxy-5-cyanomethyl-8-(1,1-Dimethylheptyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline

A.dl-6-Benzyloxy-5-cyanomethylene-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-1,2,3,3a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline

To a solution of 10.9 g. (23.7 mmole)dl-6-benzyloxy-5-cyanomethyl-5-hydroxy-8-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolinein 250 ml. dry tetrahydrofuran is added a few grams of molecular sievesand 2.30 g. (23.9 mmole) methanesulfonic acid. The mixture is stirredfor 16 hours at room temperature, made alkaline with sodium hydroxidesolution, washed with water, the organic layer dried (MgSO₄) and thesolvent evaporated in vacuo to afford the crude product which was usedin the next step.

B.dl-6-Benzyloxy-5-cyanomethyl-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline

In a flask equipped with magnetic stirrer, thermometer and nitrogeninlet capillary, 1.0 g. of the product of Part A, above, 20 ml.anhydrous methanol and 2.08 g. magnesium turnings are combined. Threecrystals of iodine was added at ambient temperature and the mixturestirred until the temperature reached 30° C. It is then cooled to 4° C.,stirred at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then overnight at roomtemperature. An additional 2.0 g. of magnesium turnings and 20 ml.methanol are added. After adding an iodine crystal, the reaction mixtureis stirred until the temperature reached 20° C. and gas evolution iswell underway. After cooling to -10° C., stirring is continued at -10°to -4° C. for one hour. The cooling bath is removed, the temperatureallowed to reach 40° C., then cooled to 20° C. and stirred for fourhours. The reaction mixture was cooled to -4° C., 40 ml. of 6Nhydrochloric acid and 20 ml. methanol were added over 20 minutes whilemaintaining the temperature below 10° C. When the bulk of the magnesiumwas consumed, the mixture is made alkaline with sodium hydroxidesolution and extracted with ethyl ether. The extracts are dried (MgSO₄)and evaporated to dryness to afford the crude product which is used inthe next step.

C. The product of Part B, above, is dissolved in 150 ml. anhydrousethanol, 1.1 g. 5% Pd/C is added and the mixture is hydrogenated at b 45psi (3.1 kg./cm.²) for 16 hours. The mixture is filtered and thefiltrate evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in 100 ml.methylene chloride, 5 g. of silica gel was added and the slurryevaporated. The residual solid was placed on a column of silica gel andeluted with hexane/ethyl ether. Like fractions are combined andevaporated to dryness to afford the title compound.

D. Repeating the procedures of Example 57 with a benzyl-protectedderivative of one of the hydroxy ketones provided in Examples 40, 42 and56 affords the corresponding 5- (or 6-)hydroxy-5 (or 6-(cyanomethylcompound which is reacted, in turn, by the method of Example 58 toprovide compounds of the following formula ##STR42## where M, Z and tare as defined in Examples 40, 42 and 54.

EXAMPLE 59 d- and1-6-Hydroxy-5-Carboxymethylene-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline

Lactone and Corresponding Saturated Lactone

A. Employing one of the isomers of6-hydroxy-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinolin-5-oneprovided in Example 55 in the procedure of Example 42 provides thecorresponding 6-benzyloxy derivative. This is reacted with lithioethylacetate by the procedure of Example 43 to provide the corresponding6-benzyloxy-5-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-5-hydroxy-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo-[1,2-a]quinolineisomer.

B. Hydrogenation of the product obtained in Part A, above, withpalladium/carbon catalyst in ethanol at 3 atmospheres pressure andacetylation by the procedure of Example 44 provides a mixture of6-acetoxy-5-ethoxycarbonylmethylene-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolineand the corresponding saturated ester,6-acetoxy-5-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline.

C. Hydrolysis of the above mixture with sodium hydroxide, potassiumhydroxide or potassium carbonate by the method of Example 45 providesthe title compounds as mixtures from which the saturated and unsaturatedlactones are separated by chromatography.

D. Employing the appropriate starting material selected from thecompounds provided in Example 56, the corresponding mixture of saturatedand unsaturated lactones is obtained by the above procedure as shown bythe reaction sequence below. ##STR43##

In the above formula Z₁ and t are as defined in Example 54 and thebroken line is an optional bond.

EXAMPLE 60

Reduction of the unsaturated d- or 1-lactone obtained above, withlithium in ammonia by the method of Example 46 affords the corresponding6-hydroxy-5-beta-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline.

The following compounds are obtained in like manner from the appropriatestarting material provided above ##STR44## where M, Z₁ and t are asdefined in Examples 40 and 50.

EXAMPLE 61

Employing the saturated lactones provided in Examples 50 and 59 in theprocedures of Examples 47 through 49 similarly provides6-hydroxy-5-(2-aminoethyl)-8-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolineas outlined below, where Z is --C(CH₃)₂ (CH₂)₅ CH₃. ##STR45##

EXAMPLE 62dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(2-Cyanoethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A.dl-7-Acetoxy-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]-quinoline

A solution of 4.09 g. (0.01 mole)dl-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 60 ml. methylene chloride containing 1.01 g. (0.01 mole)triethylamine is cooled to 0° C. while stirring in a nitrogenatmosphere. To this is added a solution of 1.22 g. (0.01 mole)4-dimethylaminopyridine in 5 ml. of methylene chloride followed by 1.02g. (0.01 mole) acetic anhydride. After stirring at 0°-5° C. for onehour, the mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature, extracted withmethylene chloride and the extracts washed with sodium bicarbonate.After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and evaporation ofsolvent, the desired product is obtained. It can be purified by columnchromatography on silica gel if desired.

The dihydroxy compounds provided in Examples 14, 46, 60 and 64 areconverted to the corresponding 6- (or 7-)acetoxy derivatives of thefollowing formula in like manner. ##STR46## where M is N or CH, t is 1or 2, R₅ and R₆ are each hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, benzyl orphenyl and Z₁ is as defined in Example 54.

Substitution of acetic anhydride by benzoic anhydride, propionicanhydride, butyric anhydride or valeryl anhydride in this procedureaffords the corresponding 5-benzoyloxy, 5-propionyloxy, 5-butyryloxy and5-valeryloxy derivatives.

B.dl-7-Acetoxy-6-(2-methanesulfonyloxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido-[1,2-a]quinoline

To 4.51 g. (0.01 mole)dl-7-acetoxy-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinedissolved in 45 ml. pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere at 0°-5° C. isadded with stirring 1.25 g. (0.011 mole) methanesulfonyl chloride. Theresulting mixture is stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes, warmed to roomtemperature and stirred for an additional hour. The reaction mixture isconcentrated in vacuo, the residue taken up in ethyl acetate, washedwith water, brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.Evaporation of solvent gives the desired mesylate of sufficient purityfor use in the next step.

C. A mixture of 4.97 g. (0.01 mole) of the mesylate obtained in Part B,above, 6.5 g. (0.01 mole) potassium cyanide, 800 mg. potassium iodide,90 g. dimethylformamide and 10 ml. water is heated at 85°-95° C. for twohours. The solvent is evaporated in vacuo, the residue extracted withchloroform, the extracts washed with water, brine and dried (MgSO₄).Evaporation of solvent affords the desired nitrile which is purified bychromatography on a silica gel column.

In like manner the remaining dihydroxy compounds provided in Examples14, 46 and 60 are converted to the 6- (or 7-)-acetoxy derivatives by theprocedure of Part A, above, and the acetoxy derivative, in turn,converted to a nitrile of the formula shown below ##STR47## where M, Z₁and t are as defined above for the starting material.

EXAMPLE 63dl-3-[7-Hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolin-6-yl]propionicAcid and Esters

To a mixture of 125 ml. methanol and 75 ml. 1N sodium hydroxide is added4.18 g. (0.01 mole)dl-7-hydroxy-6-(2-cyanoethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineand the resulting mixture is heated at reflux overnight. The methanol isevaporated and the residue is extracted between chloroform, backwashingwith dilute sodium hydroxide solution. The aqueous alkaline layers arecombined, acidified with hydrochloric acid and extracted withchloroform. The extracts are dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate andthe solvent evaporated to provide the desired carboxylic acid.

Heating the above acid, dissolved in a molar excess of alkanol, R₄ OH,at 50°-110° C. for 4-24 hours in the presence of a catalytic amount ofhydrogen chloride or concentrated sulfuric acid provides thecorresponding esters of the formula below wherein R₄ is methyl, ethyl,n-propyl, isobutyl, n-butyl or benzyl.

Similarly, the remaining nitriles provided above are hydrolyzed tocarboxylic acids of the formula below where R₄ is hydrogen andesterified as described above: ##STR48## In the formula n is 1 or 2 andM, Z₁ and t are as defined for the starting nitrile.

Acetylation of the above 6- (7)-hydroxycarboxylic acid or 6-(7)-hydroxynitriles by the method of Example 62, Part A affords thecorresponding 6- (7)-acetoxy derivative.

EXAMPLE 64dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxypropyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A 125 ml., round bottomed flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer andnitrogen inlet is thoroughly flushed with dry nitrogen. Lithium aluminumhydride, 158 mg. (4.2 mmole) and 50 ml. of dry ethyl ether were addedand the suspension stirred and cooled in an ice bath. To the cooledmixture is added slowly 1.89 g. (4.2 mmole) methyldl-3-[7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]-quinolin-6-yl]propionatedissolved in 20 ml. of ether. The cooling bath is removed and thereaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. Ethylacetate, 50 ml., is cautiously added to quench the reaction. Theresulting mixture is washed with 50 ml. each of saturated sodiumbicarbonate solution, brine and water. The organic layer is dried overanhydrous magnesium sulfate, solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue ispurified by chromatography on silica gel.

The corresponding 3-hydroxypropyl derivatives of the formula below areobtained in like manner from the appropriate starting material by theabove procedure ##STR49## where M, Z₁ and t are as defined for thestarting ester.

EXAMPLE 65dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A. A solution of 405 mg. (1 mmole) of the lactone ofdl-6-carboxymethyl-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline,provided in Example 29, in 10 ml. ethyl ether is cooled in an ice bathfor 15 minutes. To the cold solution is added slowly by injection 0.80ml. of 2.9 molar methylmagnesium iodide in ethyl ether. The resultingmixture is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 14 hours.Crystalline ammonium chloride (ca. 100 mg.) is added, the mixturestirred for 20 minutes, water (5 ml.) added and the layers separated.The aqueous layer is extracted with 10 ml. of ether and the combinedether layers are washed with 30 ml. of saturated sodium bicarbonatesolution, 30 ml. of brine and 30 ml. of water. The washed organic layeris dried (MgSO₄) and solvent evaporated in vacuo to afford the titlecompound which is purified, if desired, by chromatography.

B. By employing the above procedure, but starting with one of thesaturated carbocyclic lactones provided in Examples 45, 50 and 53 or oneof the saturated pyrido- (or pyrrolo)-quinoline lactones provided inExamples 59 and 62, and use of the appropriate Grignard reagent offormula R₅ MgHal where Hal is Cl, Br or I, in place of methylmagnesiumiodide, the following compounds are obtained in like manner. ##STR50##where Z₁ and t are as previously defined and R₅ is methyl, ethyl,propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, benzyl or phenyl.

EXAMPLE 66dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A solution of 434 mg. (1 mmole) of methyldl-3-[7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolin-6-yl]propionatein 20 ml. ethyl ether is cooled to 5° C. and 2.35 ml. of 1Mmethylmagnesium iodide in ethyl ether is added. The mixture is allowedto warm to room temperature, stirred for 4 hours, then heated at refluxfor 4 hours. The reaction mixture is worked up as described in Example65, Part A to provide the title compound.

Employing the appropriate ester, selected from those provided in Example63, as starting material and the appropriate Grignard reagent thefollowing compounds are obtained in like manner ##STR51## where n, t, Mand Z₁ are as defined in Example 63 and R₅ is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl,n-butyl, benzyl or phenyl.

EXAMPLE 67dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(3-aminopropyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

Under anhydrous conditions and a nitrogen atmosphere, to a solution of190 mg. (5 mmole) lithium aluminum hydride in 50 ml. tetrahydrofuran at10° C. is added dropwise a solution of 2.09 g. (5 mmole)dl-7-hydroxy-6-(2-cyanoethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 25 ml. tetrahydrofuran. The mixture is stirred at room temperaturefor 6 hours after the addition. Ethyl acetate is added to quench thereaction, the solvent is evaporated in vacuo and the residue partitionedbetween water and methylene chloride. The organic extracts are dried(MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated to provide the title compound as thefree base.

The hydrochloride salt of the title compound is obtained by addingethereal hydrogen chloride to a solution of the free base in anhydrousethanol. The precipitated salt is collected by filtration, washed withethyl ether and air dried.

In like manner the remaining nitriles provided above are converted toprimary amines of the formula below ##STR52## where n is 1 or 2 and t, Mand Z₁ are as defined in Examples 58 and 62.

EXAMPLE 68dl-6-(3-Acetylaminopropyl)-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A. To a solution of 4.22 g. (0.01 mole)dl-7-hydroxy-6-(3-aminopropyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 25 ml. chloroform and 18 ml. dry pyridine at 10° C. is added 2.36 ml.(0.032 mole) acetyl chloride which is dissolved in 10 ml. chloroform.The resulting solution is stirred overnight at room temperature, pouredonto ice/water, the organic layer separated and the aqueous phaseextracted with chloroform. The combined organic layers are washed withsaturated sodium bicarbonate, water, brine and dried over anhydrousmagnesium sulfate. Evaporation of solvent affords the diacetate,7-acetoxy-6-(3-acetylaminopropyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline,which is purified, if desired, by column chromatography on silica gel.

B. A solution of 506 mg. (1.0 mmole) of the above diacetate and 138 mg.(1 mmole) potassium carbonate in methanol (125 ml.) is stirred at roomtemperature for two hours. After neutralization with acetic acid themixture is evaporated in vacuo and the residue taken up in ethyl ether.The ether solution is washed successively with water, saturated sodiumbicarbonate, brine and dried over magnesium sulfate. Evaporation ofether affords the title amide.

When acetyl chloride is replaced by an equimolar amount of benzoylchloride, propionyl chloride, isobutyryl chloride, valeryl chloride,2-phenylacetyl bromide, trifluoroacetic anhydride or 2-furoyl chloride,the corresponding amido ester compounds are obtained by the procedure ofPart A, above. Hydrolysis of the ester by the procedure of Part B,above, affords the corresponding hydroxyamides.

C. In like manner the following compounds are obtained from the primaryamines provided above. ##STR53## where n, t, M and Z₁ are as defined forthe starting primary amine and R₁₁ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, n-amyl, isoamyl, phenyl, p-tolyl, benzyl,trifluoromethyl, 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl or 4-pyridyl.

D. When p-toluenesulfonyl chloride is used in place of acetyl chloridein the above procedures the corresponding p-toluenesulfonamide isobtained. Similarly, the following sulfonamido compounds are obtained bythe above procedures ##STR54## where n, t, M and Z₁ are as defined forthe starting primary amine and R₁₂ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isobutyl,n-butyl, n-amyl, isoamyl, n-hexyl, phenyl, tolyl or benzyl.

EXAMPLE 697-Hydroxy-6-carboxamidomethyl-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A. A solution of 4.37 g. (0.01 mole)dl-7-hydroxy-6-methoxycarbonylmethyl-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 100 ml. toluene is saturated with anhydrous ammonia at 10° C. Theresulting mixture is placed in a sealed tube and heated at 95°-100° C.for six hours. The tube is cooled in ice, then opened and the reactionmixture is evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The residual product ispurified by chromatography on silica gel.

B. To a solution of 2.33 g. (5 mmole)dl-2-[7-acetoxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline-6-yl]aceticacid in 50 ml. of chloroform is added dropwise with stirring 0.83 g. (7mmole) thionyl chloride in 10 ml. of the same solvent. The resultingmixture is stirred at room temperature for one hour, evaporated todryness at reduced pressure and the residue taken up in 35 ml. ethylether. The ethereal solution of acid chloride is added dropwise to acold solution of 1 g. of ammonia in 50 ml. of ethyl ether. The resultingmixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 10° C., then filtered with suction.The filtrate is washed successively with water, sodium bicarbonate,water, brine and dried over magnesium sulfate. Evaporation of solventaffords the crude 7-acetoxy amide which is taken up in methanol andhydrolyzed with potassium carbonate by the procedure of Example 68, PartB to provide the title compound.

C. By employing the appropriate carboxylic acid ester in the procedureof Part A or the corresponding acetoxy carboxylic acid in the procedureof Part B, and the appropriate amine of formula R₉ R₁₀ NH in place ofammonia, the following amides are obtained in like manner ##STR55##where n, t, M and Z₁ are as defined for the starting carboxylic ester oracetoxy acid and R₉ and R₁₀ are as defined below.

    ______________________________________                                        R.sub.9               R.sub.10                                                ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.3              H                                                       CH.sub.3              CH.sub.3                                                C.sub.2 H.sub.5       H                                                       C.sub.2 H.sub.5       C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         (C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CHCH.sub.2                                                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                          -i-C.sub.3 H.sub.7   H                                                        -n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7   CH.sub.3                                                n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13    n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                       n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13     -n-CH.sub.6 H.sub.13                                   C.sub.6 H.sub.5       H                                                       C.sub.6 H.sub.5       C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                                                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                                                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5        -n-CH.sub.4 H.sub.9                                    ______________________________________                                    

or when taken together, NR₉ R₁₀ is: morpholinyl, piperidinyl,pyrrolidinyl, N-methylpiperazinyl, N-ethylpiperazinyl,N-isopropylpiperazinyl or N-n-butylpiperazinyl.

EXAMPLE 70dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(3-N,N-dimethylaminopropyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

Under nitrogen and anhydrous conditions 2.32 g. (5 mmole)dl-N,N-dimethyl3-[7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]-quinolin-6-yl]propionamideis reduced with lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran by theprocedure of Example 67 to afford the title compound as the free base.The dihydrochloride salt is obtained by adding two equivalents ofethereal hydrogen chloride to a solution of the free base in ethanol,filtration, and washing the precipitate with ethyl ether.

In like manner the remaining amides provided in the preceding Exampleare converted to amines of the formula below ##STR56## wherein n, t, M,Z₁, R₉ and R₁₀ are defined in Example 69.

EXAMPLE 71dl-6-(2-Formylethyl)-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

To a solution of 80 ml. 0.5M disiamylborane (40 mmole) intetrahydrofuran under dry nitrogen is added dropwise a solution of 9.28g. (0.02 mole)dl-N,N-dimethyl-3-[7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolin-6-yl]propionamidein 50 ml. tetrahydrofuran and the resulting mixture stirred at ambienttemperature for six hours. A mixture of 50 ml. each of glycerin andwater is added and stirring continued until gas evolution is complete.The tetrahydrofuran is evaporated in vacuo, the residue extracted withethyl ether, the extracts washed with water, dried (MgSO₄) andevaporated to provide the title compound. The product is purified bychromatography on silica gel.

In like manner compounds of the following formula are obtained from thecorresponding N,N-dimethylamide obtained as directed in Example 69:##STR57## where n, t, M and Z₁ are as defined for the startingN,N-dimethylamide.

EXAMPLE 72dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxypentyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A solution of 598 mg. (1.42 mmole)dl-6-(2-formylethyl)-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4,a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 10 ml. ethyl ether is cooled in ice for 15 minutes. From a syringe,1.58 ml. of 2.9M ethyl magnesium iodide is added slowly with stirring.The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirredfor three hours. Ammonium chloride crystals (ca. 100 mg.) was added toconsume the unreacted Grignard reagent and the mixture stirred for 20minutes. Ethyl acetate, 75 ml., and water, 50 ml., were added, themixture stirred for a few minutes, and the layers separated. The aqueouslayer was extracted with 50 ml. of ethyl acetate and the combinedorganic layers washed with 50 ml. each of water, brine and water again.The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and solventevaporated in vacuo to obtain the crude product which is purified, ifdesired, by chromatography.

The compounds of the formula below are obtained in like manner from thealdehydes provided in the previous Example and the appropriate Grignardreagent, R₅ MgHal. ##STR58## where Hal is Cl, Br or I; n, t, M, Z₁ andR₅ are as defined in Examples 65 and 66.

EXAMPLE 73dl-7-Hydroxy-6-(3oxopentyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

A solution of 5.0 g. (0.02 mole) chromic anhydride in 5.0 ml. water isadded with stirring and ice cooling to 50 ml. pyridine. To this is addedat 10° C., 4.93 g. (0.01 mole)dl-7acetoxy-6-(3-hydroxypentyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline(prepared fromdl-7-hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxypentyl-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineby the procedure of Example 62, Part A) and the resulting mixture isstirred at ambient temperature for three hours. The mixture is thenpoured into water, made alkaline with sodium hydroxide and extractedwith methylene chloride. The combined extracts are washed with water,brine, dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue ispurified by silica gel chromatography.

In like manner, the remaining secondary alcohols provided in Example 72are oxidized to the corresponding ketones of the formula below.##STR59##

EXAMPLE 74

The 6- or 7-hydroxy ketones provided in the preceding Example areconverted to the corresponding 6- or 7-acetyl ketones by the procedureof Example 62, Part A, the products thus obtained are reacted with 3-4moles of Grignard reagent, R₆ MgCl or R₆ MgBr, by the procedure ofExample 72 to provide 6- or 7-hydroxytertiary alcohols of the formula##STR60## where t, M and Z₁ are as defined in Example 72 and M, R₅ andR₆ are as defined below.

    ______________________________________                                        n           R.sub.5         R.sub.6                                           ______________________________________                                        0           CH.sub.3        C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                   0           C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                          0            -n-CH.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                          CH.sub.3                                          0           CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                                   C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   0            -n-CH.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                           -n-CH.sub.4 H.sub.9                              1           CH.sub.3        C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   1            -n-CH.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                           -i-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                               1           C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   1            -n-CH.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                          C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                          1           C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                                                                      C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 75 Acetylation of the primary and secondary alcohols provided inthe above Examples with acetic anhydride in pyridine by the procedure ofExample 29, Part B provides the corresponding diacetates of the formulabelow where R₁ and R₇ are both acetyl. ##STR61## Room temperaturehydrolysis of the diacetate with potassium carbonate/methanol by theprocedure of Example 68, Part B affords the corresponding compound whereR₁ is H and R₇ is acetyl.

In like manner when the acetic anhydride in the above procedure isreplaced by an acid anhydride [(R₇ 'CO)₂ O] or acid chloride (R₇ 'COCl)where R₇ ' is ethyl, n-propyl, or isopropyl the corresponding diacylcompounds of the formula above are obtained. Similarly, hydrolysis withpotassium carbonate in methanol at room temperature affords thecorresponding monoacyl compounds where R₁ is H and R₇ is said acyl.

EXAMPLE 76 ##STR62##

The starting lactol of the above formula where R₈ is hydroxy is obtainedfrom the corresponding saturated lactone by the method of Example 47.

A mixture of 419 mg. (1.0 mmol) of the lactol, 700 mg. ammonium chlorideand 250 ml. methanol is stirred at room temperature for 14 hours. Themixture is filtered through a bed of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, thesolvent evaporated in vacuo, and the residue is partitioned betweenwater and ethyl ether. The organic layers are dried (MgSO₄) and solventevaporated in vacuo to afford the desired methyl ether (formula above,R₈ =OCH₃) as a mixture of diastereomers which can be separated bychromatography on silica gel to afford the dl-alpha-methoxy anddl-beta-methoxy isomers.

When the methanol used in the above procedure is replaced by ethanol,n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or isobutanol the analogous compoundsof the above formula are obtained in like manner.

Use of the appropriate lactol and alcohol as starting materials in theabove procedures provides the compounds of the formula below ##STR63##where R₈ is methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy orisobutoxy and t, M and Z₁ are as defined for the starting lactol.

EXAMPLE 77dl-7-Hydroxy-6-[2-(5-tetrazolyl)ethyl]-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline

Finely ground sodium azide (325 mg., 5 mmole) is added to a solution of7-acetoxy-6-(2-cyanoethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline(506 mg., 1 mmole) in 5 ml. of ethanol-free chloroform containing 271mg. (2 mmole) N-methylpiperidine hydrochloride and 5 drops ofN-methylpiperidine. The mixture is heated at reflux for one hour,another 2 mmole of N-methylpiperidine hydrochloride is added, refluxingcontinued for another hour and allowed to stand overnight at roomtemperature. The mixture is partitioned between chloroform and aqueoussodium carbonate solution. The aqueous layer is adjusted to pH 5,extracted again with chloroform and the combined organic layers washedwith water and the chloroform is dried (MgSO₄). Evaporation of solventunder reduced pressure affords the title compound.

In similar manner the nitriles provided above are converted to5-tetrazolyl derivatives of the formula below ##STR64## where n, t, Mand Z₁ are as defined for the starting nitrile.

EXAMPLE 78dl-6-(2-Acetoxyethyl)-7-(4-N-piperidylbutyryloxy)-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineHydrochloride

To a solution of 1.13 g. (2.5 mmole)dl-6-(2-acetoxyethyl)-7-hydroxy-9-(5-phenyl-2-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolinein 25 ml. methylene chloride is added 0.52 g. (2.5 mmole)4-N-piperidylbutyric acid hydrochloride, 0.573 g. (2.78 mmole)dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and the mixture stirred at room temperature forsix hours. It is cooled at 0° C. overnight, filtered, the filtrateevaporated and the residue triturated with ethyl ether to afford thedesired hydrochloride salt.

Alternatively, the above filtrate is extracted with dilute hydrochloricacid. The aqueous phase is washed with ether, then neutralized withpotassium hydroxide solution and extracted with ether. Evaporationaffords the free base of the title compound.

Repetition of this procedure by employing the appropriate 6- (or7)-hydroxy compound provided above provides the following compounds##STR65## where n, t, M, Q and Z₁ are as defined for the above startingmaterial and R₁ is as defined below.

    ______________________________________                                                R.sub.1                                                               ______________________________________                                                COCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                           CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                   CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                   COCH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                           CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                   CO(CH.sub.2).sub.4 NH.sub.2                                                   CO(CH.sub.2)N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                 CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                        CO(CH.sub.2).sub.4 NHCH.sub.3                                                 CONH.sub.2                                                                    CON(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2                                                    CON(C.sub.4 H.sub.9).sub.2                                                    CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 NH(C.sub.3 H.sub.7)                                        CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 N(C.sub.4 H.sub.9).sub.2                                   COCH.sub.2 --piperidino                                                       COCH.sub.2 --pyrrolo                                                          CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --morpholino                                               CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --N--butylpiperazino                                       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --pyrrolidino                                              CO--piperidino                                                                CO--morpholino                                                                CO--pyrrolo                                                                   CO--N--(methyl)piperazino                                                     CO--C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                           COCH(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --piperidino                                   CHO                                                                   ______________________________________                                    

Basic esters are obtained as their hydrochloride salts. Carefulneutralization with sodium hydroxide affords the free basic esters.

EXAMPLE 79 General Hydrochloride Acid Addition Salt Formation

Into an ethereal solution of the appropriate free base of formula (I),where one or more of M, R₁, Q and Z is a basic nitrogen containinggroup, is passed a molar excess of anhydrous hydrogen chloride and theresulting precipitate is separated and recrystallized from anappropriate solvent, e.g. methanol-ether.

Similarly, the free bases of formula (I) are converted to theircorresponding hydrobromide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, acetate,butyrate, citrate, malonate, maleate, fumarate, malate, glycolate,gluconate, lactate, salicylate, sulfosalicylate, succinate, pamoate andtartarate salts.

EXAMPLE 80

6-Hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,3aS,4,5R-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline,100 mg., is intimately mixed and ground with 900 mg. of starch. Themixture is then loaded into telescoping gelatin capsules such that eachcapsule contains 10 mg. of drug and 90 mg. of starch.

EXAMPLE 81

A tablet base is prepared by blending the ingredients listed below:

    ______________________________________                                        Sucrose          80.3 parts                                                   Tapioca starch   13.2 parts                                                   Magnesium stearate                                                                              6.5 parts                                                   ______________________________________                                    

7-Hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2S-pentyloxy)-2,3,4,4aS,5,6R-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolineis blended into this base to provide tablets containing 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5,10 and 25 mg. of drug.

EXAMPLE 82

Suspensions of7-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9-(5-phenyl-2RS-pentyloxy)-1,2,3,4,4aS,5,6R,10bS-octahydrophenanthreneare prepared by adding sufficient amounts of drug to 0.5%methylcellulose to provide suspensions having 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and10 mg. of drug per ml.

PREPARATION 1 5-Phenyl-2-pentyl Mesylate

To a stirred solution of 5-phenyl-2-pentanol (482 g.; 2.94 moles) intetrahydrofuran (2250 ml.) at 0° C. was added methanesulfonyl chloride(300 ml.) at such a rate that the internal temperature does not riseabove 10° C. (total addition time 4.5 hours). After addition iscomplete, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperatureand stirring was continued for an additional hour. The reaction mixturewas filtered and the supernate concentrated to a light yellow oil (2800g.) which was dissolved in chloroform (2 liters) and washed with water(4×1 liter), brine (1×1 liter), charcoal treated (50 g.), dried (MgSO₄),filtered through diatomaceous earth and concentrated to a light orangeoil (687 g., 95% yield). This material was suitable for use withoutfurther purification.

¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 7.23 (s, 5H, aromatic), 4.53-5.13 (m, 1H, --CH--O--),2.93 (s, 3H, O--SO₂ --CH₃), 2.42-2.93 (m, 2H, --CH₂ C₆ H₅), 1.50-1.92[m, 4H, --(CH₂)₂ --], 1.23 (s, 3H, O--CH--CH₃) ppm.

PREPARATION 2 5-Phenyl-2R-pentyl Mesylate

By the method of Preparation 1, 5-phenyl-2R-pentanol is converted totitle product.

PREPARATION 3 5-Phenyl-2S-pentyl Mesylate

By the method of Preparation 1, 5-phenyl-2S-pentanol was converted totitle product.

Likewise, 4-phenyl-2S-butanol and 6-phenyl-2S-hexanol are converted tothe corresponding mesylates.

PREPARATION 4 4-Phenyl-1-butyl Mesylate

By the method of Preparation 1, 4phenyl-1-butanol was converted to titleproduct, a yellow oil; m/e 228; ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 7.22 (bs, 5H,aromatic), 4.08-4.34 (m, 2H, --CH₂ --O--), 3.93 (s, 3H, SO₂ CH₃),2.40-2.82 (m, 2H, CH₂ C₆ H₅), 1.51-1.93 (m, 4H, --CH₂ CH₂ --) ppm.

PREPARATION 5 d(+)-2-Octyl mesylate and 1(-)-2-Octyl mesylate

By the method of Preparation 1, the optically active forms of 2-octanolwere converted to:

1(-)-2-octyl mesylate, a colorless oil, [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ =-9.695° (CHCl₃,C=2.6), ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 4.79 (bg, 1H, --CH--O--), 2.97 (s, 3H, S--CH₃),1.40 (d, 3H, CH₃ --CH), 0.87 (t, 3H, CH₃ CH₂), 1.0-2.0 [m, 10H, --(CH₂)₅--] ppm; and

d(+)-2-octyl mesylate, [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ =+9.238° (CHCl₃, C=2.8), ¹ H-NMRidentical to the 1(-) form.

PREPARATION 6

By the method of Preparation 1, the following mesylates are preparedfrom the corresponding alcohols

    ______________________________________                                        2-phenyl-1-butyl mesylate;                                                    3-phenyl-1-butyl mesylate;                                                    1-phenyl-2-butyl mesylate;                                                    4-phenyl-2-butyl mesylate;                                                    5-phenyl-1-pentyl mesylate;                                                   3-(3-pyridyl)-1-propyl mesylate;                                              1-tridecanyl mesylate;                                                        1-dodecyl mesylate;                                                           2-decyl mesylate;                                                             4-decyl mesylate;                                                             3-octyl mesylate;                                                             4-heptyl mesylate;                                                            5-methyl-2-hexyl mesylate;                                                    4-methyl-1-pentyl mesylate;                                                   1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-butyl mesylate; and                                      1-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-propyl mesylate.                                         ______________________________________                                    

PREPARATION 7 Ethyl 2-(2-Phenylethyl)acetoacetate

Ethyl acetoacetate (53.8 g., 0.29 mole) was dissolved in 110 ml. ofanhydrous ethanol. Sodium methoxide (17.3 g., 0.36 mole) was addedportionwise to the stirred solution, allowing the temperature to rise to40°-50°. The mixture was then heated to reflux (80°-82°) and phenethylbromide (53.8 g., 0.32 mole) added dropwise over 1 hour. Reflux wascontinued for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to 30°-35° andfiltered over diatomaceous earth with ethanol wash. The combinedfiltrate and wash were concentrated in vacuo to a pot temperature of50°, cooled to 25°, diluted with 150 ml. of hexane and 40 ml. of water,acidified to pH 6.5-7.0 with 6N HCl. The hexane layer was separated andwashed with 25 ml. of fresh water. The aqueous layer were combined andback-washed with 40 ml. of fresh hexane. The hexane layers werecombined, washed with 60 ml. of water, dried over 15 g. MgSO₄, filteredand evaporated to yield title product as an oil (62 g., 91%).

PREPARATION 8 5-Phenyl-2-pentanone

Product of the preceding Preparation (30.5 g., 0.13 mole) was combinedwith 130 ml. of ethanol, 25 ml. of water and KOH (85%, 20.6 g., 0.31mole). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 3 hours, cooled,concentrated in vacuo to 80 ml., and diluted with 90 ml. of water and 60ml. of hexane. The water layer was separated and washed with 40 ml. offresh hexane. The combined organic layers were back-washed with 30 ml.of water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and stripped of solvent to yield 12.8g. of crude product as an oil, purified by distillation (9.5 g., b.p.104°/2 mm.).

PREPARATION 9 5-Phenyl-2-pentanol

Under nitrogen, sodium borohydride (755 mg., 0.02 mole) was dissolved in30 ml. of absolute ethanol and cooled to 0°-5°. Ketone of the precedingPreparation (10.3 g., 0.064 mole) was added dropwise with stirring over30 minutes, maintaining the temperature 5°-15°. The temperature wasincreased to 22° for 2 hours, and then reduced to 10°-12° as 3 ml. ofmethanol was added over 5 minutes and 2 ml. of concentrated HCl wasadded over 30 minutes. The quenched reaction mixture was poured into 20ml. of water and extracted with hexane (50 ml.). The extract was dried(MgSO₄), filtered, concentrated to an oil and distilled to yield titleproduct (8.7 g., 83%, b.p. 90°-100°/0.3 mm.).

PREPARATION 10 5-Phenyl-2-pentyl Hydrogen Phthalate

Phthalic anhydride (21.5 g., 0.145 mole) was stirred with the alcohol ofthe preceding Preparation (23.7 g., 0.145 mole) and heated to 90°. Thetemperature is gradually increased to 130°, an exotherm occuring at somepoint above 90°. The temperature, when the exotherm occurs is notallowed to rise above 155°. Following the exotherm, the reaction ismaintained at 130°-140° for 1 hour, then cooled to 50° and diluted with125 ml. of acetonitrile. The resulting solution of title product is useddirectly in the next step.

PREPARATION 11 5-Phenyl-2S-pentyl Brucine Phthalate

Brucine (57.6 g., 0.146 mole) in 105 ml. of acetonitrile was added tothe acetonitrile solution of ester from the preceding Preparation andthe mixture heated to 55°-60°. Maintaining this temperature, isopropylether (610 ml.) is added in a steady stream. The solution is cooledgradually to 23°, and the crystalline material which begins to form at45°-55°, granulated for 16 hours, recovered by filtration and air driedat 55° (33 g.). Highly resolved material has [alpha]_(D) ^(CHCl) 3+40.0.If at this stage the rotation is less than +38.5°, it is recrystallizedfrom acetonitrile-isopropyl ether (for 33 g. of crude, 130 ml. ofacetonitrile and 300 ml. of isopropyl ether was used, with recovery of26 g. of purified title product).

PREPARATION 12 5-Phenyl-2S-pentanol

S-Brucine salt of the preceding Preparation (10.0 g., 14.2 mmoles) wascombined with 125 ml. of toluene and 150 ml. of water. With stirring thepH was adjusted to 1.7 with about 6 ml. of 3N HCl. The aqueous layer wasseparated and extracted 2×40 ml. toluene. Brucine was precipitated fromthe aqueous layer by adjusting the pH to 11.5 with 50% NaOH.Recrystallization from isopropyl alcohol provides material suitable forreuse. The toluene layers were combined, back-washed with 75 ml. ofwater, concentrated to 45-50 ml. Fresh water (65 ml.) and then KOH (85%,1.90 g., 28.8 mmoles) were added and the mixture stirred for 1 hour atroom temperature and then 2 hours at 82°-84°. The reaction mixture wascooled to 25°, the toluene layer separated and the aqueous layer washed3×20 ml. toluene. The toluene layers were combined, washed 1×20 ml.saturated NaCl, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to yield titleproduct as an oil (1.91 g.), purified by distillation in vacuo (1.64 g.,b.p. 85°-92°/0.1 mm., [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ +8.24 to +8.57°).

PREPARATION 13 5-Phenyl-2R-pentanol

To a solution of racemic 5-phenylpentan-2-ol (4.9 g., 0.03 mole) in 50ml. toluene was added d-mandelic acid (4.5 g., 0.03 mole) and a trace ofp-toluenesulfonic acid. This mixture was heated for 10 hours at refluxusing a Dean Stark device to remove water. Upon cooling, 50 ml. ofbenzene was added and the reaction washed with 3×100 ml. of saturatedNaHCO₃ solution, the organic phase dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated toyield 7.0 g. of a colorless oil (78%). A portion of this oil (5.4 g.)was subjected to column chromatographic separation using 500 g. ofsilica gel and an ethyl ether-hexane (1 to 4) solvent system. Theseparation of the diastereomeric mandelates could conveniently befollowed by ¹ H-NMR. The first eluting 5-phenyl-2R-pentanol had the CH₃doublet (J=7.0) centered at 1.05 ppm and the second eluting5-phenyl-2S-pentanol at 1.25 ppm. Using a fraction collector, 150 15 ml.fractions were collected from the above column. Fractions 101-110 showan isomer ratio of ca. 95:5 of the first eluting isomer (HPLC). Thesefractions were combined and concentrated to yield 0.90 g.; [alpha]_(D)²⁵ =37.56° (CHCl₃).

A portion of the purified first eluting isomer (0.80 g., 0.0027 mole)was dissolved in 25 ml. of methanol and 2.0 ml. of H₂ O and 0.50 g. ofK₂ CO₃ (0.0036 mole) was added and this reaction stirred for 24 hours at25°. Water (10 ml.) was then added and the reaction extracted with 2×25ml. of EtOAc; the organic layers combined, dried (MgSO₄) andconcentrated to yield 0.40 g. (90%) of 5-phenylpentan-2-ol, [alpha]_(D)²⁵ =7.16° (CHCl₃).

PREPARATION 14 5-Phenyl-2S-pentanol

A sample of 9.9 g. (0.043 mole) of S(+)-propylene glycol 1-tosylateprepared from L-ethyl lactate according to Gombos et al., Chem. Ber.109, p. 2145 (1976), was dissolved in 20 ml. of dry THF. This solutionwas added dropwise over 15 minutes to a rapidly stirred mixture of 98ml. of 1.1M phenethyl magnesium bromide in THF (0.11 mole), immediatelyafter 1.05 g. of cuprous chloride was added in one portion to theGrignard. The temperature of the initial cuprous chloride addition andof the subject tosylate addition was maintained at 18°-25° (upon theaddition of the CuCl₂, the Grignard solution turned a deep purple). Thereaction was then stirred for 1 hour at 25°, and quenched into 30 ml. ofsaturated NH₄ Cl solution. The aqueous phase was separated and extracted2× with 100 ml. portions of ethyl ether. The combined organic layer andwashings were washed with brine (2×100 ml.), dried (MgSO₄) andconcentrated to give 10.98 g. of crude title product as an oil. The pureS(+)-5-phenylpentan-2-ol was obtained by fractional high vacuumdistillation. The purified S(+)-5-phenylpentan-2-ol had [alpha]_(D) ²⁵=+7.94 (CHCl₃).

Other appropriate Grignard reagents are substituted for phenylethylmagnesium bromide to prepare a wide variety of other optically activealcohols useful in the present invention. Exemplary are:

4-phenyl-2S-butanol;

6-phenyl-2S-hexanol; and

2S-octanol.

PREPARATION 15 3-Bromo-5-(2-undecyl)anisole

3-Amino-5-(2-undecyl)anisole, prepared according to methods set forth byJohnson, U.S. Pat. No. 4,260,764 is diazotized and converted to thetitle compound according to procedures set forth by Bigelow, Org.Syntheses, Coll. Vol. I, pp. 135-137 (1941).

In the same manner, other aminoanisoles, also prepared by methods setforth by Johnson, are converted to:

    ______________________________________                                        3-bromo-5-(2-hexyl)anisole;                                                   3-bromo-5-(3-ethyl-1-pentyl)anisole;                                          3-bromo-5-(5-phenyl-1-hexyl)anisole;                                          3-bromo-5-(6-phenyl-2-hexyl)anisole;                                          3-bromo-5-(6-phenyl-3-hexyl)anisole;                                          3-bromo-5-[6-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hexyl]anisole;                                3-bromo-5-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-pentyl]anisole;                               3-bromo-5-[6-(4-pyridyl)-2-hexyl]anisole;                                     3-bromo-5-[1-(1-heptyloxy)-2-propyl]anisole; and                              3-bromo-5-[2-(2-phenylethoxy)-1-propyl]anisole.                               ______________________________________                                    

PREPARATION 16 3-Methoxy-5-(2-undecyl)benzonitrile

3-Amino-5-(2-undecyl)anisole is diazotized and reacted with cuprouscyanide according to procedures set forth by Clarke and Read, Org.Syntheses, Coll. Vol. I, pp. 514-516 (1941) to produce the titleproduct.

In the same manner other appropriate aminophenols are converted to:

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2-methyl-1-pentyl)benzonitrile;

3-methoxy-5-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-hexyl]benzonitrile;

3-methoxy-5-[7-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-heptyl]benzonitrile; and

3-methoxy-5-[8-(3-pyridyl)-1-octyl]benzonitrile.

PREPARATION 17 3-Methoxy-5-(2-undecyl)benzoic Acid

The title nitrile of the preceding Preparation is hydrolyzed inmethanolic sodium hydroxide at reflux. After five hours, the reactionmixture is neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid, the methanolevaporated in vacuo and the aqueous residue extracted with ethylacetate. Evaporation of solvent affords the title acid.

By the same method, the other nitriles of the preceding Preparation areconverted to:

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoic acid;

3-methoxy-5-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-hexyl]benzoic acid;

3-methoxy-5-[7-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-heptyl]benzoic acid; and

3-methoxy-5-[8-(3-pyridyl)-1-octyl]benzoic acid.

If desired, the 3-methoxy-5-(2-undecyl)benzoic acid is resolved into itsenantiomeric forms via salt formation with an optically active base, asset forth by Feiser and Fieser, Reagents for Organic Syntheses, JohnWiley and Sons, 1967, pp. 977-978, thus affording:

3-methoxy-5-(2S-undecyl)benzoic acid; and

3-methoxy-5-(2R-undecyl)benzoic acid.

In like manner, 3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoic acid isresolved to yield:

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2S-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoic acid; and

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2R-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoic acid.

PREPARATION 18 3-Methoxy-5-(2-undecyl)benzoyl Chloride

The title acid of the preceding Preparation is reacted with excessthionyl chloride in methylene chloride diluent in the presence of atrace of dimethylformamide. After refluxing for 3 hours the acidchloride is recovered by evaporation of the solvent and excess thionylchloride chased with toluene.

By the same method, the other acids of the preceding Preparation areconverted to:

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoyl chloride;

3-methoxy-5-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-hexyl]benzoyl chloride;

3-methoxy-5-[7-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-heptyl]benzoyl chloride;

3-methoxy-5-[8-(3-pyridyl)-1-octyl]benzoyl chloride;

3-methoxy-5-(2S-undecyl)benzoyl chloride;

3-methoxy-5-(2R-undecyl)benzoyl chloride;

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2S-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoyl chloride; and

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2R-methyl-1-pentyl)benzoyl chloride.

PREPARATION 19 3-Methoxy-5-(2-undecyl)benzaldehyde

Method A

The title acid chloride of the preceding Preparation is subjected tohydrogenation under Rosenmund conditions, as set forth by Mosettig andMozingo in Organic Reactions, Vol. 4, John Wiley and Sons, New York,1948, pp. 362-377, producing the title product.

Method B

The title nitrile of Preparation 16 is subjected to the Stephenreduction under conditions set forth by Williams, Org. Syntheses, Coll.Vol. III, pp. 626-627 (1955).

Method C

The title acid chloride of the preceding Preparation is reacted withexcess ethyl mercaptan to yield the corresponding thiol ester.Hydrogenolysis to the title aldehyde is effected by refluxing the thiolester with Raney nickel in ethanol under conditions set forth by Wolfromand Karbinos, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 68, pp. 1455-1456 (1946).

Method D

3-Methoxy-5-(2-undecyl)benzyl bromide is oxidized according to methodsset forth by Kornblum et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, pp. 4113-4114(1959). The required benzyl bromide is prepared according to methods setforth by Althuis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,188,495.

Method E

3-Bromo-5-(2-undecyl)anisole is reacted with magnesium in ether to formthe corresponding Grignard reagent, then reacted with ethyl orthoformateand hydrolyzed to title product according to procedures set forth bySmith and Nichols, J. Org. Chem. 6, pp. 489-506 (1941).

By methods A-D, the appropriate acid chlorides, nitriles or bromomethylcompounds are converted to:

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2-methyl-1-pentyl)benzaldehyde;

3-methoxy-5-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-hexyl]benzaldehyde;

3-methoxy-5-[7-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-heptyl]benzaldehyde;

3-methoxy-5-[8-(3-pyridyl)-1-octyl]benzaldehyde;

3-methoxy-5-(2S-undecyl)benzaldehyde;

3-methoxy-5-(2R-undecyl)benzaldehyde;

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2S-methyl-1-pentyl)benzaldehyde; and

3-methoxy-5-(5-phenyl-2R-methyl-1-pentyl)benzaldehyde.

By method E, aryl bromides from an earlier Preparation are converted to:

3-hydroxy-5-(2-hexyl)benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-(3-ethyl-1-pentyl)benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-(5-phenyl-1-hexyl)benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-(6-phenyl-2-hexyl)benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-[6-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hexyl]benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-[6-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-pentyl]benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-[6-(4-pyridyl)-2-hexyl]benzaldehyde;

3-hydroxy-5-[1-(1-heptyloxy)-2-propyl]benzaldehyde; and

3-bromo-5-[2-(2-phenylethoxy)-1-propyl]benzaldehyde.

PREPARATION 20 Benzyl Methanesulfonate

Under nitrogen methylene chloride (1.4 liter), benzyl alcohol (129.6 g.,1.2 moles) and triethylamine (182 g., 1.8 moles) were combined, stirredand cooled to -5° C. in an ice-water-acetone bath. A solution ofmethanesulfonyl chloride (150 g., 1.31 moles) in 100 ml. of methylenechloride was added over 49 minutes, maintaining the temperature between-5° and 2° C. After stirring for 10 minutes at 0°-2° C., the reactionwas diluted with 500 ml. of water, precooled to 5° C. The organic layerwas separated, washed 2×500 ml. of cold water, dried over MgSO₄,filtered and evaporated in vacuo to yield title product as a lightyellow oil [190 g.; 85%, ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) delta (ppm): 2.9 (s, 3H), 5.2(s, 2H), 7.4 (m, 5H); R_(f) 0.75 (CH₂ Cl₂ )]. This product wasrefrigerated until used in the next step.

PREPARATION 21 Ethyl 2S-Benzyloxypropionate

Under nitrogen, benzyl methanesulfonate (181.5 g., 0.975 mole) wascombined and stirred with S-ethyl lactate (ethyl 2S-hydroxypropionate;393 g., 3.33 moles) and the resulting solution heated on a steam bath to94° C. over 15 minutes and held for 1.5 hours at this temperature. Thereaction mixture was cooled to 45° C., poured into 2 liters of coldtoluene. Water (500 ml.) was added and the mixture stirred for 5minutes. The aqueous phase was separated and extracted with 200 ml.fresh toluene. The organic layers were combined, washed in sequence2×500 ml. H₂ O, 1×500 ml. saturated NaHCO₃, 2×500 ml. water and 1×500ml. saturated NaCl, dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and evaporated in vacuoto yield crude product as an oil [228 g., 112% [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ -60.8°,C=1.11 (CHCl₃)], which ¹ H-NMR indicated to be contaminated with ethyllactate. Distillation in vacuo gave, after an early boiling solventfraction 1 [25 ml., b.p. to 79° C./1.2 mm.; [alpha]_(d) -6.9°, C=1.3(CHCl₃)]; fractions 2-8 [74 ml., b.p. 82° C./1.3 mm to 114° C./3 mm.;[alpha]_(D) -42.1° to -76.2°, C=1.09-1.16 (CHCl₃)] as a mixture ofS-ethyl lactate and title product; and fractions 9-12 [57 ml.; b.p. 115°C./3 mm., 98°-100°/0.75 mm., 102°-106° C./1.0 mm.; [alpha]_(D) -80.0° to-83.7°, C=1.01-1.17 (CHCl₃)] of substantially pure title product. Ahigher boiling pot residue of 49 g. remained. A portion of fraction 10(3 g.) was voided of traces of ethyl lactate by taking up in 100 ml. ofhexane and equilibrating with 30 ml. H₂ O. The hexane layer wasseparated, washed 3×30 ml. H₂ O, dried over MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated to an oil [2.4 g.; R_(f) 0.32 (6:1 hexane: ethyl acetate);[alpha]_(D) ²⁵ -83.3°, C=1.13 (CHCl₃)].

PREPARATION 22 2S-Benzyloxy-1-propanol

Fractions 2-9 and 12 from the above distillation (106.1 g. total weight,0.45 moles of ethyl 2S-benzyloxypropionate and 0.25 moles of S ethyllactate) was dissolved in 100 ml. of anhydrous ethanol and the solutionadded dropwise to a stirred mixture of NaBH₄ (37.85 g., 1.0 mole) and500 ml. of anhydrous ethanol under nitrogen over a one hour period. Thetemperature was maintained at 25°-30° C. during addition by cooling witha 20° C. water bath. After stirring for 20 hours at ambient temperature,the reaction mixture was cooled to 10° C. and 95 ml. of 12N HCl (1.14mole) added dropwise over 15 minutes under a sweep of nitrogen. Theresulting slurry was filtered with 100 ml. ethanol wash. The filtrateand wash were combined and concentrated in vacuo to 150 ml. Theconcentrate was diluted with 200 ml. of water and 300 ml. of ethylacetate, the pH was adjusted from 1.5 to 9.0 with 50 ml. of 4N NaOH(causing precipitated solids to dissolve) and the layers were separated.The aqueous phase was washed 1×100 ml. and then 1×50 ml. of ethylacetate. The three organic layers were combined, washed 2×150 ml. H₂ Oand then 1×150 ml. saturated NaCl, dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andevaporated to yield title product as an oil [50.5 g.; [alpha]_(D) ²⁵+47.9, C=1.08 (CHCl₃); +27.736 (neat); R_(f) 0.1 (CH₂ Cl₂)].

PREPARATION 23 2S-Benzyloxy-1-propyl Mesylate

Under nitrogen, 2S-benzyloxy-1-propanol (49.8 g., 0.3 mole), 400 ml. ofCH₂ Cl₂ and triethylamine (40.5 g., 0.4 mole) were combined, stirred andcooled to -5° C. in an ice-water-acetone bath. Maintaining -5° C.,methanesulfonyl chloride (37.8 g., 0.33 mole) in 30 ml. CH₂ Cl₂ wasadded over one hour. After stirring at -5° C. for 0.5 hour, H₂ O (200ml. at 5° C.) was added. The layers were separated and the aqueous layerwashed 1×100 ml. CH₂ Cl₂. The combined organic layers were washed insequence 1×100 ml. H₂ O, 1×100 ml. 1N HCl, 1×100 ml. H₂ O, 1×100 ml.saturated NaHCO₃ and 1×100 ml. H₂ O, dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated in vacuo to yield title product as an oil [72.2 g., 98.5%;[alpha]_(D) ²⁵ +7.7, C=1.00 (CHCl₃); R_(f) 0.6 (CH₂ Cl₂)].

PREPARATION 24 2S-Benzyloxy-1-propyl Iodide

Under nitrogen with stirring, sodium iodide (90 g., 0.6 mole) wasdissolved in one liter dry acetone. At 32° C., 2S-benzyloxy-1-propylmesylate (71.5 g., 0.293 mole) was added. The reaction mixture waswarmed to 59°-60° C. (gentle reflux) and held for 20 hours, at whichtime tlc indicated about 20% starting material to remain. Additionalsodium iodide (30 g., 0.2 mole) was added and refluxing continued for 3hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and filtered withacetone wash. The combined filtrate and wash was concentrated to 150 ml.of oily solids, diluted with 300 ml. toluene and 200 ml. H₂ O, thelayers separated and the aqueous phase extracted 2×100 ml. toluene. Thethree organic layers were combined, washed 2×200 ml. H₂ O, dried overMgSO₄, filtered and evaporated to yield title product as an oil [79 g.,96%, [alpha]_(D) =+ 8.0°, C=1.08 (CHCl₃), ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) delta (ppm):1.4 (d, 3H), 3-3.6 (m, 3H), 4.6 (s, 2H), 7.35 (s, 5H)].

PREPARATION 25 Ethyl 2-Benzoyl-4S-benzyloxyvalerate

Under nitrogen, sodium hydride (50% in oil, 13.6 g., 0.283 mole) waswashed with 3×200 ml. of dry hexane. To the resulting hexane wet NaH,130 ml. dimethylformamide was added, followed by the dropwise additionof ethyl benzoylacetate (54.4 g., 0.283 mole) over 45 minutes,maintaining the temperature 28°-32° C. with a 10° C. water bath andsweeping away evolved H₂ with N₂. After stirring for 85 minutes at 25°C., 2S-benzyloxy-1-propyl iodide (78 g., 0.283 mole) was added with 40ml. of dimethylformamide for rinse. The reaction mixture was then heatedand stirred at 122°-126° C. for 2 hours (during which solidsprecipitated), cooled to 70° C., diluted with 350 ml. toluene and 560ml. of ice water, and the resulting layers separated. The aqueous layerwas extracted 3×150 ml. toluene. The four organic layers were combined,washed 3×150 ml. H₂ O and then 1×150 ml. saturated NaCl, dried overMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield title product as anoil (90 g., 94% [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ +15.8°, C=1.12 (CHCl₃); R_(f) 0.35 (6:1hexane:ethyl acetate)].

Substitution of an equivalent amount of S-propylene oxide for2S-benzyl-1-propyl iodide in this process and operating in a closedcontainer (i.e. under pressure) to avoid loss of the volatile epoxideaffords a method for the preparation of ethyl2-benzoyl-4S-hydroxyvalerate.

PREPARATION 26 4S-Benzyloxy-1-phenyl-1-pentanone

Ethyl 2-benzoyl-4S-benzyloxyvalerate (89 g., 0.26 mole), ethanol (175ml.), water (175 ml.) and KOH (85%, 51 g., 0.8 mole) were combined withstirring under nitrogen, during which the temperature rose to 45° C. Thereaction mixture was heated to 79° C. under a reflux condenser and heldfor 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25° C., diluted with350 ml. of water and 300 ml. of toluene, the layers separated, and theaqueous layer washed 1×200 ml. and 2×150 ml. toluene. The organic layerswere combined, washed 2×200 ml. H₂ O and 1×200 ml. saturated NaCl, driedover MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield title product asan oil [45.5 g., 65%; [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ +21.92°, C=1.20 (CHCl₃); R_(f) 0.55(6:1 hexane:ethyl acetate)].

The same method is used to convert ethyl 2-benzoyl-4S-hydroxyvalerate to4S-hydroxy-1-phenyl-1-pentanone.

PREPARATION 27 5-Phenyl-2S-pentanol

4S-Benzyloxy-1-phenyl-1-pentanone (45 g., 0.168 mole) in 150 ml. oftoluene, 15 ml. of absolute alcohol and 3 drops concentrated HCl werehydrogenated over 4 g. 50% water wet 5% Pd/C at 50-60 psig and 25° C.After hydrogenating for 6 hours, an additional 4 g. catalyst was chargedand hydrogenation continued for 2.5 hours, by which time threeequivalents of hydrogen were consumed and there had been no uptake overthe final 1.5 hour period. The catalyst was recovered by filtration. Thefiltrate was neutralized by stirring over a 5 cc volume of solid NaHCO₃,dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield titleproduct as an oil [22 g., 80%; [alpha]_(D) ²⁵ +8.63, C=1.02 (CHCl₃);R_(f) 0.2 (6:1 hexane:ethyl acetate)]. If desired the title product wasfurther purified by simple distillation to remove traces of tlc originmaterial, b.p. 90-94/0.7 mm. with nearly quantitive recovery.

By the same procedure, with uptake of two rather than three equivalentsof hydrogen, 4S-hydroxy-1-phenyl-1-pentanone is converted to5-phenyl-2S-pentanol.

We claim:
 1. A compound having the formula ##STR66## wherein n is zero,1 or 2; t is 1 or 2, R₁ is H or (C₁ -C₅)alkanoyl, Q is COR₅ or C(OR⁷)R₅R₆, where R₅ and R₆ are each H, (C₁ -C₄)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl; R₇ isH, or when one or both of R₅ and R₆ are H, R₇ is H or (C₂ -C₄)alkanoyl;Zis (C₅ -C₁₃)alkyl, (C₅ -C₁₃)alkoxy, (C₅ -C₁₃)alkoxyalkyl, (C₉-C₁₄)phenylalkyl, (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxy or (C₉ -C₁₄)phenylalkoxyalkyl.2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein Z is (C₅ -C₁₃)alkoxy or (C₉-C₁₄)phenylalkoxy.
 3. A compound according to claim 2 wherein n is 1 andQ is CH₂ OR₇.
 4. A compound according to claim 3 wherein R₇ is H oracetyl.
 5. A compound according to claim 4 wherein Z is OCH(CH₃) (CH₂)₄CH₃ or OCH(CH₃) (CH₂)₃ C₆ H₅.
 6. A compound according to claim 5 havingthe absolute or relative stereochemical formula ##STR67##
 7. A compoundaccording to claim 6 wherein Z is ##STR68## where one of R₁₃ and R₁₄ isH and the other is CH₃.
 8. A compound according to claim 7 of theformula ##STR69##
 9. A compound according to claim 8 wherein R₁ and R₇are each H.
 10. The compound according to claim 9 of the formula##STR70##
 11. The compound according to claim 9 of the formula ##STR71##12. A method for producing analgesia in a mammalian subject whichcomprises orally or parenterally administering to said subject ananalgesia-effective amount of a compound according to claim
 1. 13. Apharmaceutical composition suitable for use as an analgesic whichcomprises a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier and ananalgesia-effective amount of a compound according to claim
 1. 14. Amethod for prevention and treatment of nausea in a mammal subject tosaid nausea which comprises orally or parenterally administering to saidmammal a compound according to claim 1 in an amount effective to preventnausea.
 15. A pharmaceutical composition suitable for use in preventionand treatment of nausea which comprises a pharmaceutically-acceptablecarrier and a compound according to claim 1 in an amount effective toprevent nausea.